Battles, service, and the memorials a country builds to remember them.
5,438 markers in this collection, across every conflict below — showing 1,621–1,680.
Bar Harbor, ME
Bar Harbor, Maine, was known as the town of Eden until 1918, and this monument honors the local men who served the Union during the Civil War of 1861–1865. Like countless New England communities, Eden sent its sons south to fight, and the plain dedication 'In Memory of Eden's Sons' speaks to how the war reached even the smallest coastal towns.
Edenton, NC
In October 1774 some fifty women of Edenton, led by Penelope Barker, signed a public pledge to boycott British tea and cloth in support of the colonial cause. Their coordinated stand — one of the earliest known political actions by American women — drew mockery in the British press but real admiration at home. It announced that women, too, would take sides in the coming Revolution.
Duluth, MN
On the stormy night of April 30, 1967, Coast Guard Boatswain's Mate First Class Edgar A. Culbertson gave his life on the Duluth ship canal while trying to save three teenage brothers swept from the pier by Lake Superior's waves. The people of Duluth dedicated this plaque to their fellow citizen, whose death became one of the harbor city's enduring stories of sacrifice.
Town of Oyster Bay, NY
For more than half a century, Edith Hay Wyckoff chronicled life on Long Island's Gold Coast from the newsroom of The Locust Valley Leader, the weekly paper she edited and published from the close of World War II until 2001. In an era when few women owned or ran newspapers, she made the Leader a record of her community's births, deaths, controversies, and small triumphs. In 1946 she also founded the Locust Valley Boys Club, extending her civic reach from the printed page to the lives of local youth.
Damon, TX
Edmund Calloway Darst was among the Missouri-born men who came to Texas in the turbulent 1830s and fought at San Jacinto, the decisive 1836 battle where Sam Houston's army secured Texas independence from Mexico in less than twenty minutes of fighting. Darst died just two years later, in 1838, during the fragile early years of the Republic of Texas. The State of Texas raised this marker in 1936 as part of the statewide centennial commemorations honoring the veterans of the revolution.
Hillsborough, NC
Edmund Fanning was a judge and colonial official in Hillsborough who became a lightning rod for backcountry anger. In 1770 the Regulators — farmers protesting corruption and unfair taxes — ransacked and destroyed his nearby home. His story sits at the heart of the unrest that shook North Carolina in the years just before the Revolution.
Washington, DC · est. 1907
In the spring of 1755, at the height of the French and Indian War, a division of British regulars under General Edward Braddock set out along this road toward Fort Duquesne, deep in the contested Ohio country. The campaign ended in a disastrous ambush that killed Braddock and scattered his army, an early lesson in frontier warfare witnessed by a young aide named George Washington. The Society of Colonial Wars set this memorial in 1907 to mark the historic route.
Poteet, TX
Edward Brown (1808–1886) came to Texas by way of New Orleans, volunteering for the Republic of Texas Army in 1836 and staying on after independence. When General Woll's Mexican force recaptured San Antonio in 1842, Brown helped defend the town and was among the prisoners marched to the notorious Perote Prison, freed only through U.S. diplomatic pressure in 1844. He later served in the U.S.–Mexico War, then settled on a preemption grant along the Atascosa to raise his large family by farming and ranching.
Austin, TX
Edward Clark—Texas lieutenant governor and, in 1861, its Confederate governor—bought this property in 1856, and this buff-brick building likely served as an outbuilding and possibly as quarters for the ten enslaved people he owned. Its plan matches typical slave quarters of the period, and despite 1930s alterations by owner Mamie Hatzfeld it survives as a rare pre-Civil War residential structure in Austin. The building was designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark in 2012.
Gonzales, TX
This marker honors Edward Dickinson, a citizen-soldier who volunteered in the San Jacinto Campaign of 1836. Ordinary Texians like him left their farms and shops to join Sam Houston's army in the decisive campaign that won Texas its independence from Mexico. The 'Star and Wreath' emblem marks him among the veterans of that founding struggle.
Conshohocken, PA · est. 1976
Edward Hector served as a private in the Continental artillery and fought at the Battle of Brandywine in 1777, one of the largest engagements of the Revolutionary War. He made his home in what is now Conshohocken. His marker honors him as a stand-in for the many Black soldiers whose service filled the Continental ranks but whose race went unrecorded in the muster rolls.
Houston, TX
Born on this Houston site in 1858, Edward Mandell House rose from Texas politics—helping elect four governors—to become one of the most influential figures in American statecraft. As the trusted adviser known as "Colonel House," he was instrumental in Woodrow Wilson's 1912 nomination and later shaped foreign policy during and after World War I. He helped draft Wilson's Fourteen Points and served as a delegate to the 1919 Paris Peace Conference, all without ever holding elective office.
Portland, PA · est. 1948
Edward Marshall was one of the fast walkers hired to pace off the 1737 Walking Purchase, the land grab that stripped the Lenape of vast territory in the Delaware Valley. He later settled in this frontier area, where in 1757, amid the raids of the French and Indian War, his wife and eldest son were killed—by some accounts in reprisal for his role in the notorious survey. Marshall eventually withdrew to the safer settlements of Bucks County.
Franklin, TX
This marker remembers Edward McMillan, an Irish immigrant born in 1814 who joined the fight for Texas independence and stood among the veterans of the Battle of San Jacinto in 1836. His wife, Ann Marjorie McQuiston McMillan, was born in Tennessee. Both are commemorated here in Robertson County, where their lives closed in the decades after the Republic gave way to statehood.
San Augustine, TX
Born in North Carolina in 1801, Edward Oswald LeGrand cast his lot with the Texas independence movement, adding his name to the Texas Declaration of Independence and fighting at the decisive Battle of San Jacinto in 1836. He lived out his years in the new republic and later state, dying in 1870. The State of Texas placed this marker in 1936 during the centennial of independence to honor his role among the republic's founders.
Houston, TX
Edward Ruthven Taylor, born in 1845, came of age in a Houston cotton and education family and returned from schooling in New York to fight for the Confederacy, serving with Waul's Texas Legion at Vicksburg, where he was captured and fell ill. Back home he fell in love with Ann, a young woman his family had enslaved; unable to marry legally, the couple built a farm at Pierce Junction and raised a large family together. Ann died in 1909, and when oil was struck on the family land in 1921, the fortune passed to their children, who later donated the original homestead to the City of Houston.
Liberty, TX
A Virginia native, Edward Thomas Branch came to Texas in 1835 and settled in Liberty, fighting as a first sergeant at the Battle of San Jacinto the following spring. He went on to a long public career in the young Republic of Texas—congressman, district judge, postmaster—and later served as speaker of the House in the first state legislature after annexation. He married Anne Cleveland Wharton, daughter of statesman William H. Wharton, and helped charter the Liberty Masonic Lodge.
Chowan County, NC
Edward Vail was a colonial statesman who served as a brigadier general of the Edenton District militia and sat on North Carolina's Committee of Correspondence in 1768 and again in 1773-74. Those committees knit the colonies together in the years of mounting resistance to British rule, placing Vail among the local leaders who carried the Revolution forward. He lived about two miles southwest.
Columbia, NC
Born in Tyrrell County in 1828, Edward Warren rose to become Surgeon General of North Carolina during the Civil War, directing the state's overwhelmed military medical care from 1862 to 1865. His restless career carried him far beyond the South — a professorship of surgery in Maryland, service as chief surgeon to the ruler of Egypt, and a final chapter in Paris, where he died.
Rocksprings, TX
Created in 1858 from Bexar County and organized in 1883, Edwards County was named for Haden Edwards, the empresario who led the short-lived Fredonian War of 1827 in an early revolt against Mexican authority. The county seat began at Leakey in 1883 and moved to Rocksprings in 1890. The marker records the frontier origins of this rugged Hill Country county.
Houston, TX
Edwin Fairfax Gray, born in Fredericksburg, Virginia, in 1829, served as a midshipman in the Navy of the Republic of Texas in 1841 and later as a lieutenant in the U.S. Navy in 1857. When the Civil War came, he joined the Confederacy as a lieutenant colonel in the 4th Texas Infantry, serving from 1862 to 1865. His career carried him across three different navies and armies over four turbulent decades.
Whitley County, IN
This ground carries layers of frontier history: a Miami trading post stood here by 1762, and in 1779 the war leader Little Turtle fortified the place during the turbulent years of Native resistance in the Old Northwest. After the 1795 Treaty of Greenville brought an uneasy peace, a house was built for Little Turtle here. When American forces under Colonel Simrall razed the fort in September 1812, at the outbreak of the War of 1812, his dwelling was deliberately spared.
Brookfield, IL
Dedicated in 1964 and anchored by an F-86 Sabre jet, this monument in Ehlert Park honors those who served in the Korean Conflict between 1950 and 1953. The Sabre was the iconic American fighter of that war, dueling MiGs in the skies over the Korean peninsula. Local veterans' groups—the American Legion, VFW, Moose, and AMVETS—joined to raise the memorial for their community's servicemen and women.
Seguin, TX
El Capote Ranch traces to Jose De La Baume, a French officer who came to North America with Lafayette, fought in the American Revolution, and later won a 27,000-acre Spanish land grant in 1806 that Mexico reaffirmed after independence. Virginia's Michael Erskine acquired it in 1840, raising cattle he drove to California and New Orleans and hosting notable travelers along the San Antonio–Gonzales road. Part of the land later passed to Edith Kermit Carow, Theodore Roosevelt's wife, and Roosevelt reportedly rode a ranch-bred horse at San Juan Hill in 1898.
San Antonio, TX
This San Antonio cemetery traces its origin to the Battle of Medina of August 18, 1813, when a Republican Army of the North — Mexicans, Anglo-Americans, and Indians seeking to free Mexico from Spanish rule — was crushed by the Royalist army, and hundreds of the dead were interred here. A chapel built over the soldiers' burial crypt grew into the church of Nuestra Señora del Carmen, and the site became a community cemetery for the surrounding land-grant families. Among those later buried here are Alamo survivor Enrique Esparza and French immigrant naturalist Gustave Toudouze.
Santa Barbara, CA
El Castillo was a Spanish coastal fortification guarding Santa Barbara during the era of Alta California's presidios and missions, its dates spanning the final years of Spanish rule and the Mexican period that followed. Built as Spain fortified its remote Pacific frontier, the little battery stood watch over the channel until the early 1840s, on the eve of California's passage into American hands.
Presidio vicinity, TX
Around 1773 the Spanish garrison across the Rio Grande at Presidio del Norte set up El Fortín de San José on this side to shield local farmers, and the settlement kept the name even after the post was abandoned about 1810. When Ben Leaton acquired extensive property here in 1848, the place became known as Fort Leaton, and his adobe fortress is all that survives of the old community. The marker pointedly corrects earlier signs: this is neither the original Presidio del Norte nor the Spanish mission Apóstol Santiago.
Cestohowa, TX
In the 1700s the Spanish crown planted forts across its northern frontier to guard ranches and missions, and El Fuerte del Cibolo stood watch over the ranch country between San Antonio and La Bahía. Manned in two stretches between 1734 and 1782, its small garrison protected herds and settlers on land the King of Spain had granted to private ranchers. Remarkably, soldiers from this outpost helped drive cattle to the Gulf Coast to supply Bernardo de Gálvez's forces fighting the British — a Spanish contribution to American independence.
Mission, TX
El Granjeno Cemetery began in 1872 with the burial of Don Antonio Garza, on land his brother Don Juan Garza Escheverria donated for the villages of El Granjeno and Madero. A native of Reynosa, Mexico, Don Juan lies here among many of his descendants, alongside veterans of the Civil War, World War I, and the Vietnam War. The graveyard has long served families on both banks of the Rio Grande.
Mercedes, TX
The 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo fixed the Rio Grande's main channel as the U.S.–Mexico line, but the river's wandering course bred endless disputes. In 1906 an unauthorized canal shifted the Rio Grande and stranded the 419-acre El Horcon tract—home to the freewheeling resort of Rio Rico—on the Mexican side, where it drifted under Mexican control. After the U.S. ceded the tract to Mexico in 1970, a Rio Rico native's lawsuit secured U.S. citizenship for some 200 people born there before the transfer.
El Paso, TX
When the Civil War came, El Paso County voted overwhelmingly—871 to 2—for secession, and local Confederates organized companies for frontier defense. From this far western outpost the South launched its 1861–62 campaign to seize New Mexico and Arizona and win a Pacific outlet, but by mid-1862 the last Confederate troops had withdrawn. Union forces then held El Paso under martial law for the rest of the war—the longest military occupation anywhere in Texas—while sympathizers like the scout Henry Skillman ran couriers and spies from across the border.
San Antonio, TX
Built in 1810 as a military barracks in San Antonio de Béxar, El Quartel became a flashpoint in the struggle over Spanish rule. Here in January 1811 Juan Bautista de las Casas raised forces to arrest the royal governor in Texas's first overthrow of Spanish authority, only for Juan Zambrano to muster a counter-revolt that restored the crown weeks later. The barracks were apparently destroyed during the Texas Revolution, when defenders chose instead to make their stand at the Alamo.
Linn, TX
On the South Texas plains northeast of Linn lies a natural salt lake the Spanish claimed for the crown upon its discovery in 1746, invoking the old principle that salt itself was a form of money. For generations people across a wide region hauled away salt from its shores, and during 1863–64 its works helped supply Confederate Texas. Later legal battles over who owned the lake helped shape the state's foundational laws on private mineral ownership.
Edinburg, TX
This large natural salt lake northeast of Edinburg was South Texas's principal source of salt during the Civil War, placed under state guard in 1862 and sold to families, the Confederate army, and traders on the vital "cotton road" through Mexico. Salt was indispensable to the wartime South—for curing meat under the meat tithe, tending cavalry horses, and tanning leather for shoes and harness—so Union forces repeatedly wrecked the works from 1863 until war's end. The lake also figured in the long legal fight over Texas mineral ownership, settled toward private landowners in the constitutions of 1866 and after.
Wills Point, TX
On a February day in 1912, sixteen-year-old Elbert Gray was lowered by rope down a sixty-foot well barely a foot wide to reach two-year-old Calvin Stepp, who had fallen in. When the child slipped near the surface, Gray descended a second time — head first — and brought him out after a four-hour ordeal, both boys emerging with only cuts and bruises. Newspaper accounts led the Carnegie Hero Fund Commission to award Gray its medal in 1913. Decades later he lost the fingers of one hand while working in a Dallas war-defense plant during World War II.
Hidalgo, TX
Born in New York City in 1806, Elder B. Barton threw in his lot with the Texas cause and fought at the Battle of San Jacinto in 1836, the decisive clash that secured the Republic of Texas's independence. Settling along the lower Rio Grande, he married Santitos Balli of Matamoros, raised sixteen children, and parlayed his veteran land grants and a supply business into a lasting mark on Hidalgo County's frontier economy. He died on his ranch in 1884, a bridge between the Anglo republic and the older Mexican society of the borderlands.
Cat Spring, TX
Born in Kentucky in 1805, Elemelech Swearingen brought his family to Texas in 1831 and, when another applicant withdrew, became one of the very last additions to Stephen F. Austin's celebrated 'Old 300' colonists. He farmed near what became Millheim in Austin County, served as its first postmaster, and during the Texas Revolution fought as a second sergeant under Captain Amasa Turner before joining the ill-fated Mier Expedition. He and his wife Angelina raised nine children on the land where they are buried.
Saint Joseph, MI
In 1897, the aging veterans of the A.W. Chapman Post of the Grand Army of the Republic dedicated this eleven-inch Dahlgren gun and its grounds to comrades who had fought to preserve the Union. The GAR was the great fraternal organization of Union veterans, and across the North its posts planted such memorials so that later generations would not forget the Civil War's cost. The massive naval-pattern cannon stands as their tribute.
Sherman, TX
Organized at Camp Reeves near Sherman in May 1861, this frontier regiment drew nearly 900 men from across northeast Texas and first fought in Indian Territory to secure it for the Confederacy. Mustered in as the 11th Texas Cavalry, it saw hard service from Pea Ridge and Murfreesboro to Chickamauga, the Atlanta Campaign, and finally Bentonville. Across more than a hundred engagements, a handful of its troopers were still in the field at the war's end in North Carolina.
Gonzales, TX
Eli Mitchell was among the Anglo-American colonists drawn into the Texas independence movement in the 1830s, serving as a delegate to the 1833 Convention that pressed Mexico for reform. When fighting erupted at Gonzales in 1835 — the "come and take it" opening clash of the Texas Revolution — he took up arms and supplied the fledgling Texian army.
Houston, TX
Eli Noland served in Captain William S. Fisher's company at the Battle of San Jacinto, the decisive 1836 clash that won Texas its independence from Mexico. Born in Ohio in 1804, he died in Houston in 1841, in the early years of the Republic he had helped create.
Kelly Township, PA · est. 1968
Eli Slifer (1818–1888) lived in this house during the crisis years of the Civil War, serving as Pennsylvania's Secretary of the Commonwealth. As a close aide to the state's wartime governor, Andrew Curtin, he helped organize the enormous task of raising troops and marshaling supplies for the Union effort. A veteran state legislator and treasurer, he was one of the administrative hands behind Pennsylvania's war machine.
San Marcos, TX
Dr. Eli T. Merriman, a Yale graduate who came to Texas in 1838, built this hand-hewn timber house about 1846 as one of the three original owners of the San Marcos townsite and the area's first physician. He later lived along the coast at Brownsville, Banquete, and Corpus Christi, where his son founded the Corpus Christi "Caller." During the Civil War the family was famously divided, with Merriman and two sons serving the Confederacy while another son fought for the Union.
Nacogdoches, TX
A Georgia native who came west to Texas, Elias E. Hamilton took up arms in the Texas Revolution, fighting in the 1835 storming of Bexar and the decisive Battle of San Jacinto in 1836. He died young, in 1840, in the East Texas community of Douglass. His marker was raised by the State of Texas in 1936 for the centennial of independence.
New Waverly, TX
Born in Virginia in 1778, Elijah Collard lived the westering life of his generation, settling successively on the Kentucky and Missouri frontiers and fighting in the War of 1812 before migrating to Texas in 1833. He threw in with the Texas independence movement, winning election to the 1835 Consultation at San Felipe and serving on the General Council, then helped organize Montgomery County as one of its first commissioners in 1837. He moved to Walker County in 1840 and died there in 1847, leaving a large family with his wife Mary.
Seguin, TX
This marker honors Elijah Valentine Dale, a veteran of the 1836 Battle of San Jacinto—the decisive fight in which Texian forces under Sam Houston secured independence from Mexico in a stunning eighteen-minute rout. Born in Georgia in 1807, Dale was among the settlers who tied their fortunes to the young Republic of Texas, and he lived on into the 1890s in Seguin alongside his Ohio-born wife, Jane. Their shared gravestone quietly binds a family's story to the founding of a nation-state.
Bartlett, TX
A Louisiana native who came to the Texas coast as a boy, Elisha Allen joined the revolutionary army and fought at the Siege of Bexar in December 1835. He later explored the frontier with a survey party, raised a family of eight, and helped build a church and schoolhouse in Bell County—a pioneer whose life spanned Texas's transformation from Mexican province to settled statehood.
Crockett, TX
The son of an American Revolution veteran, Tennessee-born Elisha Clapp came to Texas in 1822 and served in a cavalry company at the Battle of San Jacinto during the Texas Revolution. He captained mounted rangers on the frontier and, in 1837, was among the petitioners who organized Houston County, later receiving a captain's commission from President Sam Houston. He also helped found and served as an early trustee of Trinity College in the Alabama community before moving on to Leon County, where he died in 1851.
Richmond, NH
This monument in the hills of Cheshire County marks the birthplace of Eliza Ballou, born here in 1801, who would become the mother of James A. Garfield, the 20th President of the United States. Widowed young, Eliza raised her children in frontier poverty on an Ohio farm, and her son's rise from a log cabin to the White House became one of the era's celebrated 'self-made man' stories. When Garfield was sworn in as president in 1881, Eliza became the first mother to witness her son's presidential inauguration. Small New England towns like Richmond often took quiet pride in the native sons and daughters whose lives reached far beyond their borders.
San Marcos, TX
Eliza Pitts came to Texas from Georgia as a girl in 1842, married James Lafayette Malone in 1850, and raised sixteen children while helping build the life of early San Marcos as a charter member of its First Methodist Church. When the Civil War took the men away, she ran the family's thousand-acre farm and sewed for Confederate soldiers; decades later, in her eighties, she knitted socks for American troops in World War I. Widowed, she and her daughter built this home in 1909.
Elizabeth, WV
This West Virginia town traces its beginnings to 1796, when William Beauchamp settled here in the years just after the Revolution and named the place for the wife of David Beauchamp. But the ground held older significance: in 1752, the frontier scout Christopher Gist passed through on behalf of the Ohio Company, a land venture that dreamed of planting British colonies across the trans-Allegheny west. That dream collided with French claims on the same territory, and the resulting French and Indian War froze the company's plans before they could take root.
Elizabethton, TN
In the mountains of East Tennessee, this memorial honors the men and women of Elizabethton and Carter County who served in the nation's wars. The county's military tradition runs deep — frontier riflemen mustered nearby at Sycamore Shoals during the Revolution before their march to Kings Mountain. The memorial gathers that long record of service into a single place of remembrance.
Elkhart, TX
Shaded by oak, pine, and crepe myrtle, this Elkhart burial ground took its first grave in 1887 but was not formally established until the Fuller family donated two acres in 1906. Among those resting here is E.V. Douthit — Civil War veteran, town postmaster, and co-owner of Elkhart's first store — alongside veterans of every American conflict from the Civil War to Desert Storm. A cemetery association organized in 1962 has cared for the grounds ever since.
Brownwood vicinity, TX
This burial ground began in 1876, the year pioneer minister Noah T. Byars helped found Live Oak Baptist Church and Civil War veteran Silas H. Wood settled his family here from Mississippi. Wood deeded the graveyard to the church in 1884, and it grew alongside a community known first as Gholson and later Elkins. Interments paused during World War II when Camp Bowie displaced the town, then resumed after the camp closed in 1947.
Houston, TX
Ellington Field opened in November 1917 after the Houston Chamber of Commerce lobbied for a World War I air base, named for a young Army aviator killed in a 1913 crash. Nearly abandoned by the 1930s, it roared back to life in World War II as a major pilot, navigator, and bombardier training center — so busy that one in ten Army pilots trained here in the war's first two years. Through the Cold War it remained an active Air Force base for navigator training, and today its grounds are shared by the National Guard, NASA, the Coast Guard, and a city airport.
Houston, TX
Vermont-born Ellis Benson fought in the Black Hawk War before Captain Amasa Turner recruited him in New Orleans for the Texas Army in 1835. Arriving in early 1836, he marched with Sam Houston's army and helped work one of the 'Twin Sisters' cannons that proved decisive at the Battle of San Jacinto. He kept soldiering afterward — wounded on the south Texas frontier in 1839 — before settling in Houston as a carpenter and local officeholder.
Alto, TX
Peter Ellis Bean led one of the most improbable lives on the early Southwestern frontier. Arriving with Philip Nolan's mustang hunters in 1800, he was captured by Spanish troops, imprisoned in Mexico, then freed to fight—first for royalists, then for the Mexican rebels under Morelos. He even joined Andrew Jackson at the Battle of New Orleans before returning to Mexico, later serving as an Indian agent in Texas and settling near this site.
Bardwell, TX
The vanished community of Elm Branch once centered on a school, a Methodist church founded in 1886, and this cemetery, serving the scattered farm families of the area. Its earliest documented burial dates to 1877, and its graves hold veterans spanning from the Civil War to the Vietnam War. Though the church moved to nearby Bardwell in 1909, the cemetery remains active as a link to Ellis County's early settlers.
Westminster, TX
The Roland family, natives of Alabama, settled here in the 1830s on land granted by the Republic of Texas in recognition of John Roland's military service, cut short when he was killed in the Texas Revolution. His brother Ezekial, himself a veteran of the revolution, set aside this parcel as a public cemetery, and its first burial was his own in 1859 at age 35. The graveyard also served the Seven Points community, later renamed Westminster, home to an early Methodist school and a later Baptist academy, and it still holds well over a thousand graves.
Elm Springs, AR
The spring that still bubbles up here gave Elm Springs its name and its early gathering place, but the marker's deeper story is the winter of 1861–62, when the tents of the 16th Arkansas Infantry blanketed the grounds of the local academy near the head of Brush Creek. Northwest Arkansas was a strategic corridor in the war's Trans-Mississippi theater, and small towns like this one repeatedly saw troops encamp, drill, and move on toward the contested ground around Pea Ridge and Prairie Grove.