HistoricSiteMarkers
Early Republic

The Woodlands

Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania

Marker Inscription

Here, William Hamilton (1745-1813) created one of the finest landscape gardens of its day and introduced many exotic plants. His mansion and stable, built 1787-92, are early examples of the neoclassical Adamesque-Federal style. In 1840 the estate became one of the first large rural cemeteries in America. The writer S. Weir Mitchell, artist Thomas Eakins, nurse-reformer Alice Fisher, and architect Wilson Eyre are buried here.

Erected by Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission

The Story

On this bank of the Schuylkill, William Hamilton turned his family estate into one of the finest landscape gardens in the young nation, filling it with exotic plants gathered from around the world and crowning it with a neoclassical mansion built in the fashionable Adamesque-Federal style. After his death the grounds took on a second life in 1840 as one of America's first great rural cemeteries, a park-like resting place for figures such as writer S. Weir Mitchell, painter Thomas Eakins, and nursing reformer Alice Fisher. Garden, mansion, and burial ground together trace a full arc of early American taste in art and nature.

Why it matters

The Woodlands captures two pioneering American ideas at once—the gentleman's botanical landscape garden and the rural cemetery movement that reshaped how the nation honors its dead.

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Related people

  • · William Hamilton
  • · Thomas Eakins
  • · Alice Fisher
  • · S. Weir Mitchell
  • · Wilson Eyre

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