Marrow Bone Spring
Arlington, Tarrant County, Texas
Marker Inscription
An Indian habitat in the 1700s or earlier, Marrow Bone Spring in 1843 was visited by President Sam Houston's envoys seeking peace. A trading post licensed by the Texas Republic opened in 1845 near the Spring. Hiram Blackwell of the Peters Colony pioneered here before 1848. Soldier-statesman Middleton Tate Johnson (1810-1866) posted troops nearby in the late 1840s. The first Post Office in Tarrant County opened on Oct. 31, 1851, at Johnson's Station. In 1852 Blackwell sold Johnson his rights to land surrounding the spring. The Village of Johnson's Station flourished for many years. (1979)
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
Long an Indian habitation, Marrow Bone Spring became a crossroads of the young Republic of Texas: Sam Houston's peace envoys visited in 1843, a licensed trading post opened nearby in 1845, and settlers of the Peters Colony put down roots. Soldier-statesman Middleton Tate Johnson posted troops here in the late 1840s, and in 1851 Tarrant County's first post office opened at Johnson's Station, which flourished for years around the reliable water.
Why it matters
Reliable springs shaped where Native peoples, traders, soldiers, and settlers converged, seeding the towns that would become North Texas.
Own a business near here? Add it to the map.
Related people
- · Sam Houston
- · Middleton Tate Johnson
- · Hiram Blackwell
Themes & tags
Nearby & related markers
City of Arlington
Arlington, TX
Arlington grew up where the Blackland Prairie meets the Eastern Cross Timbers, on land once dotted with Native American villages along Village Creek. The 1841 Battle of Village Creek and the 1843 Bird's Fort Treaty — signed by the Republic of Texas with the Delaware, Caddo, Waco, Cherokee, and many other tribes — opened the area to settlement, and in 1876 a townsite and Texas and Pacific rail stop was surveyed and named for Robert E. Lee's Virginia home. From a cotton-shipping town it grew into an amusement destination and, wedged between Fort Worth and Dallas, into one of the anchors of a vast modern metroplex, home to UT Arlington, Six Flags, and the Texas Rangers.
Cross Timbers
Grand Prairie, TX
The Eastern Cross Timbers is a narrow ribbon of sandy woodland dividing the Blackland and Grand Prairies, and for centuries its springs, salt licks, grass, and game made it a natural gathering place. Wichita people of Caddoan stock roamed here in the 1700s, while Kiowa and Comanche wintered and traded along routes that carried southern flint northward; French traders arrived by 1720 and Spanish expeditions passed through toward their missions. Anglo-American settlement in the 1840s brought conflict, culminating in the 1841 Battle of Village Creek, after which the tribes withdrew westward.
Village Creek
Arlington, TX
The banks of this Trinity River tributary hold an extraordinarily deep human record—artifacts left by hunter-gatherers stretch back nearly 9,000 years. In the 1830s and 1840s the creek sheltered Native peoples resisting the advance of Anglo settlement, and on May 24, 1841, Gen. Edward H. Tarrant's Republic of Texas militia struck the villages here in the Battle of Village Creek. Reportedly a dozen Native people and one soldier, Capt. John B. Denton, died; many tribes soon moved west, and the 1843 Treaty of Bird's Fort opened the land to colonization. Much of the site now lies beneath Lake Arlington.
Jesse Chisholm
Arlington, TX
Jesse Chisholm, born of a Scottish father and Cherokee mother, was a scout, trader, and interpreter fluent in dozens of Indian languages who negotiated for the Republic of Texas and Sam Houston, including a peace conference near here at Bird's Fort in 1843. He is remembered for the wagon route he marked across Oklahoma and Kansas, which cowboys adopted to drive Texas longhorns north to railheads. After the Civil War wrecked the state's economy, those drives sent five-dollar cattle to thirty-dollar markets, and the Chisholm Trail became the most famous of the great cattle roads.