HistoricSiteMarkers
Colonial AmericaEarly Republic

Humphry Marshall (1722-1801)

West Bradford Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania

Marker Inscription

One of the first nurserymen in the nation and the author of the first book on North American trees and shrubs, Arbustum Americanum: The American Grove, Marshall is known as the Father of American Dendrology. He regularly supplied native American plants to prominent Europeans eager to learn about species new to them. His plants graced the gardens of England's King George III and King Louis XVI of France. He built and lived in this house.

Erected by Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission

The Story

Humphry Marshall, a Chester County Quaker, became one of the first commercial nurserymen in the new nation and, in 1785, wrote Arbustum Americanum: The American Grove, the first book on North American trees and shrubs by an American. From the house he built here, he shipped native plants to eager European collectors curious about the flora of the New World. His work earned him the title Father of American Dendrology, and his specimens graced the royal gardens of King George III and King Louis XVI.

Why it matters

Marshall helped establish American botany as a science and carried the young republic's natural riches onto the world stage during the age of Enlightenment inquiry.

Own a business near here? Add it to the map.

Related people

  • · Humphry Marshall

Themes & tags

Nearby & related markers

G. Raymond Rettew

West Chester, PA · est. 2002

In a converted auto repair shop in West Chester, chemist G. Raymond Rettew solved one of World War II's most urgent problems: how to make penicillin in quantity. Working with Wyeth Laboratories in 1943, his lab produced and shipped more of the new antibiotic to the armed forces than any other in the world. The drug that had been a laboratory curiosity became a battlefield lifesaver.

Glen Mills

Thornbury Township, PA · est. 1997

This Delaware County hamlet grew up around water-powered industry that reached back before the Revolution, when a forge was raised here around 1739 and Pennsylvania's first iron-slitting mill followed in 1746. Nearly a century later the Willcox family turned the site to papermaking, and in the years after the Civil War their mill produced paper for United States currency—engineered so cleverly to defeat counterfeiters that it earned international fame. By the time the railroad station arrived in 1882, Glen Mills bustled as a center of commerce.

Joshua Pusey

Middletown Township, PA · est. 1993

A Civil War veteran and Philadelphia attorney, Joshua Pusey turned an inventor's mind to an everyday problem and in 1892 patented the paper matchbook. He sold the patent to the Diamond Match Company three years later, and soon millions of the little folders were rolling out each year to light stoves, lamps, and cigarettes across the country. One of nearly forty patents in his lifetime, it was the work of a man from an old Quaker family who lived here at his home "Maple Linden."

Phoenix Iron Company

Phoenixville, PA · est. 2005

For more than two centuries the ironworks at Phoenixville turned Schuylkill Valley ore and skill into the hard goods of a growing nation — nails and rail in the early years, then cannons and armor as the country went to war. The Griffen Gun of 1861 and the patented Phoenix Column of 1862 made the works a byword for American iron engineering, and its structural steel later helped raise buildings and bridges nationwide. The plant ran from the era of the young republic until it finally closed in 1987.