Cottonwood Mott Line Camp
Matador, Motley County, Texas
Marker Inscription
(Private Property) The Cottonwood Mott, named for the stand, or mott, of trees which surrounded a natural spring here, was the site of a line camp as early as 1878. Cowboys used the camp as a base from which to work, herding cattle and mending fences on the ranch. A log cabin was built here by employees of the Jingle Bob Ranch, and was the site of at least two gunfights. The ranchland was sold in 1882 to the Matador Land & Cattle Company, LDT., a Scotland-based syndicate. The company sold out in 1951, and the land was divided into smaller ranches. Texas Sesquicentennial 1836-1986
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
Named for the mott of cottonwoods shading a natural spring, this spot served as a cowboy line camp as early as 1878, a rough outpost from which hands worked cattle and mended fences and where a log cabin saw at least two gunfights. In 1882 the surrounding range was bought by the Matador Land & Cattle Company, a Scotland-based syndicate that ran the country until selling out in 1951, after which the land was broken into smaller ranches. The marker was placed for the Texas Sesquicentennial.
Why it matters
Line camps like Cottonwood Mott are the working bones of the open-range cattle era, and the Scottish-financed Matador reflects how foreign capital helped shape the American West.
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Themes & tags
Nearby & related markers
Henry H. Campbell
Matador, TX
A North Carolinian who came to Texas in 1854 and served in the Confederate army, Henry Harrison Campbell turned to droving cattle before founding the Matador Ranch at Ballard Springs in 1879. Within three years the operation ran 40,000 head across 100,000 owned acres and 1.5 million more of free range, and in 1882 it was sold to a Scottish syndicate, the Matador Land & Cattle Company. Campbell stayed on as superintendent, led the effort to organize Motley County in 1891, and served as its county judge — his wife Elizabeth famously refusing a dugout and insisting on a proper house.
Whiteflat
Whiteflat, TX
Named for the tall white needlegrass that covered its prairie, Whiteflat grew up around a post office established in 1890 for the scattered farms of Motley County. At its height it supported grocery stores, garages, cafes, cotton gins, churches, and a school that grew from a one-room building to a two-story brick structure. Tied to small family farming, the town withered through the Depression and Dust Bowl, its school consolidated away in 1946 and its last store shuttered in 1968.
Matador Ranch
Matador, TX
The Matador Ranch began as an open-range operation in 1879 and, after Scottish investors formed the Matador Land & Cattle Company in 1882, grew into one of the great cattle empires of the American West. At its height it ran 90,000 cattle across nearly 900,000 acres of owned Texas land plus leases stretching into the Dakotas, Montana, and Canada, all managed from corporate offices in Scotland. Long-serving general managers like Murdo MacKenzie made it a byword for scientific ranching until its liquidation in 1951.
Motley County
Matador, TX
Carved from earlier Young and Bexar territories, Motley County was created in 1876 and organized in 1891, with Matador as its seat. It honors Dr. Junius William Motley, a signer of the Texas Declaration of Independence who served as an aide to General Rusk and was mortally wounded at the Battle of San Jacinto in 1836. The county's name misspells his—Motley for Mott—an error preserved in law.