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St. Philip's College (original site)

San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas

Marker Inscription

Opening at this site in 1898 as "St. Philip's Saturday evening sewing class for black girls", this college was found by the Rt. Rev.James Steptoe Johnston (1843-1924), Episcopal Bishop of western Texas, who considered education a tool toward solving race problems. Soon coeducatinal and in a brick building of its own, it was renamed St. Philip's industrial school, and was taught by Mrs. Alice G. Cowan,a white missionary with prior service in Mexico. In 1902, Miss Artemisia Bowden (1879-1969), a black lady from Georgia, assumed administrative and teaching duties, servingfor 52 ensuing years. Broadened by literary courses in 1903 and with teacher training added, the facility in 1906 became the St. Philip's normal, grammar, and industrial school. A new, expandable site was bought in 1917, and St. Philip's moved to Dakota Street, 2 miles east of this site. Elevated to a junior college in 1927, and in public control since 1942, it is now a part of the San Antonio Union Junior College District. In 1955, it became reacially inegrated. The enrollment has risen from 21 in 1899 to more than 8,000 today.

Erected by Texas Historical Commission

The Story

In 1898, at a time when educational opportunities for Black Texans were painfully scarce, an Episcopal bishop opened a Saturday sewing class for African American girls on this site in San Antonio. That modest class grew into St. Philip's — an industrial and normal school shaped for more than half a century by Artemisia Bowden, a Black educator from Georgia who arrived in 1902 and stayed 52 years, steering it from a handful of students toward an accredited junior college. Absorbed into public control in 1942 and racially integrated in 1955, it endured as one of the nation's historically Black colleges.

Why it matters

St. Philip's traces the long arc of African American education in the Jim Crow South — from a charitable sewing class to a public college — and honors the Black women whose determination made it endure.

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Related people

  • · James Steptoe Johnston
  • · Alice G. Cowan
  • · Artemisia Bowden

Themes & tags

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Saint Philip's College

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St. Philip's began in 1898 as a church sewing class for African American children in the rectory of St. Philip's Episcopal Church, born of a congregation determined to secure education for Black students in segregated San Antonio. Under principal Artemisia Bowden, hired in 1902, it grew from a vocational day school into a junior college by 1927 and eventually a public branch of the city's college system. After Brown v. Board of Education in 1954, it opened to all students and by its centennial enrolled nearly 9,000.

Myra Lillian Davis Hemmings

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