Smyrna Union Church
Emory, Rains County, Texas
Marker Inscription
This house of worship is the site of the old school house in which, on Sept. 2, 1902, Farmers Educational and Cooperative Union of America (National Farmers Union) established its first local union. The stated purpose was "To secure equity, establish justice and apply the Golden Rule." The ten men who founded "Farmers Union" were residents of this area. The organization which they here established has become known and respected throughout the agricultural world. This tablet is erected to honor their names and memory. Jesse Adams, W. T. Cochran, Tom Donaldson, Newt Gresham, J. B. Morris, T. J. Pound, O. H. Rhodes, Dr. Lee Seamster, W. S. Sisk, and J. S. Turner; presented by James G. Patton, President, National Farmers Union, Denver, Colorado.
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
On this spot in 1902 stood the schoolhouse where ten local farmers founded the first local of the Farmers Educational and Cooperative Union of America, better known as the National Farmers Union. Vowing to "secure equity, establish justice and apply the Golden Rule," the organization grew from this rural Texas meeting into a national force in American agriculture. A church later rose on the site, and a tablet honors the founders by name.
Why it matters
This humble schoolhouse gathering launched one of the most influential farm organizations in the country, part of the broad agrarian movement through which farmers sought collective power in the industrial age.
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Related people
- · Newt Gresham
Related events
- · Founding of the National Farmers Union
Themes & tags
Nearby & related markers
Near Offices of "Rains County Leader"
Emory, TX
Founded in 1887 by H. W. Martin as "The Argus," this paper became the "Rains County Leader" by 1900 and remained the county's only newspaper. Tom W. Hill, Sr. bought it in 1904 and edited it for more than three decades, beginning a remarkable family stewardship. From 1937 onward the Hill family—father, sons, and daughters—carried the paper forward across generations.
Rains County
Emory, TX
Among the earlier-settled parts of Texas, this area saw J. H. Hooker, its first known settler, build a grist mill on the Sabine River in the 1840s, with emigrants from the Old South arriving after 1840. The county itself was not organized until 1870, taking its name from pioneer legislator Emory Rains, who had represented the surrounding district in the 8th Legislature. Rains County is also celebrated as the birthplace of the Farmers Cooperative and Educational Union of America.
The Amis House
Emory, TX
Between 1910 and 1912, James Alexander Amis hand-poured and cured the cast-concrete blocks for this unusual family home in Emory. Amis was a one-man engine of local enterprise, running a sawmill, lumberyard, truck farm, livestock operations, a pickle factory, and an undertaking business. He even sponsored a 1914 hot-air balloon flight over town and later championed building Highway 19 through the city.
Site of Fraser Brick Company
Emory, TX
In 1905 Walter B. Fraser built a pioneering plant here that turned local clay into bricks and hollow building tile — the first industrial factory in Rains County, employing about forty men. When a post office opened nearby in 1909, it took the name "Ginger" from the distinctive burnt-clay color of the bricks. Operations wound down as the clay supply neared exhaustion in the 1940s, though the wider business prospered at other Texas sites until it was sold in 1961.