Site of Fort Colorado
Austin, Travis County, Texas
Marker Inscription
(Also called Coleman’s Fort) June, 1836 - November, 1838. Established and first commanded by Colonel Robert M. Coleman. Succeeded by Capt. Michael Andrews and Capt. William M. Eastland. An extreme frontier outpost occupied by Texas Rangers to protect Anglo-American civilization from savage Indians in this vicinity. Erected by the State of Texas 1936.
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
Established in June 1836 and first commanded by Colonel Robert M. Coleman, this stockade — also called Coleman's Fort — was one of the young Republic of Texas's farthest frontier outposts. Manned by Texas Rangers under Coleman and later captains Michael Andrews and William Eastland, it guarded settlers along a contested edge of settlement until it was abandoned in November 1838. The State of Texas marked the site in 1936, the republic's centennial year.
Why it matters
Outposts like Fort Colorado show how the fragile Republic of Texas tried to hold its frontier, a story bound up with the displacement and conflict that came with Anglo expansion.
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Related people
- · Robert M. Coleman
- · Michael Andrews
- · William M. Eastland
Themes & tags
Nearby & related markers
Fort Colorado Historical Marker
Austin, TX
In the first anxious years of the Republic of Texas, the young nation strung frontier posts along its edge to guard settlers from raids. This site marks Fort Colorado — also known as Coleman's Fort — a short-lived station of the late 1830s garrisoned by early ranging companies on the Colorado River near present-day Austin. It stood only about two years before being abandoned as the line of settlement shifted.
Shoal Creek
Austin, TX
This shallow, sandy crossing of Shoal Creek was a natural ford long used by Native Americans, settlers, and cattle drovers moving through the Colorado River valley. During the days of the Republic of Texas in the late 1830s, Vice President Mirabeau B. Lamar camped near here by the tiny village of Waterloo while on a buffalo hunt — and was so taken by the setting that he championed it as the site of the new nation's capital. Waterloo was soon renamed Austin and became the capital of Texas.
Espinosa-Olivares-Aguirre Expedition
Austin, TX
In 1709, with Spain uneasy about its long-standing but thinly held claim to Texas, a small goodwill expedition set out from a Rio Grande mission: Captain Pedro de Aguirre with fourteen soldiers escorting the Franciscan fathers Isidro de Espinosa and Antonio de San Buenaventura Olivares. They came seeking the Tejas people but did not find them here, and lacking orders to cross the Colorado River, the padres sent an invitation to the East Texas Indians and turned back near this site. The trip reflected Spain's anxious response to news of French traders probing Texas.
Site of Pecan Springs School
Austin, TX
This site sits in the community where settler Josiah Wilbarger survived a scalping in a dramatic 1833 rescue, a story emblematic of the dangers of the early Texas frontier. By 1875 the area had grown enough to warrant a schoolhouse, a 30-by-40-foot building on nearly five acres where a Mr. Goodnight taught 85 children in a single room. Later known as District 61 with the Colorado River as its southern boundary, Pecan Springs School grew to six teachers before it was annexed to Austin in 1951 and closed in 1956.