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Civil WarReconstruction & Gilded Age

Octavius V. Catto (1839-1871)

Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania

Marker Inscription

An early graduate of the Institute for Colored Youth, Catto, who lived here, was an educator, Union army major, and political organizer. In 1871 he was assassinated by rioters while urging Blacks to vote. His death was widely mourned.

Erected by Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission

The Story

Octavius V. Catto was a rising leader of Black Philadelphia in the Civil War and Reconstruction years—an early graduate of the Institute for Colored Youth who became an educator, a military officer, and a tireless organizer for equal rights. On election day in 1871, as he urged Black citizens to exercise their newly won right to vote, he was assassinated by rioters. His death was mourned across the city as the loss of a brilliant champion of equality.

Why it matters

Catto's life and murder laid bare the violent resistance that met Black voting rights after emancipation, making him an early martyr in the long struggle for civil rights in America.

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