Fort Concho
San Angelo, Tom Green County, Texas
Marker Inscription
The center of a line of forts extending from the northeastern border of Texas to El Paso. Was also northern point of southern chain of forts extending to Rio Grande, thence along that river to its mouth. Established 1867 (at then junction of Butterfield Trail, Goodnight Trail and road to San Antonio) by 4th Cavalry under Capt. George G. Huntt to protect frontier. By March 1, 1870, fort buildings were (in order of their construction) a commissary and quartermaster storehouse, hospital, five officers quarters, a magazine and two barracks-- all built of sandstone. Among those who commanded post were: Gen. Wm. R. Shafter (later major general of volunteers, Spanish-American War; commanded troops at capture of Santiago de Cuba, July 1898); Maj. John P. Hatch (at one time fort was named in his honor); Gen. Wesley Merritt (first commander of Fort Davis after Civil War; was later superintendent of U. S. Military Academy at West Point); Gen. Ranald Slidell Mackenzie (who led attacks, from this and other forts, credited with defeat of Indian resistance in southwest); and Gen. Benjamin H. Grierson, commander of Negro troops of 10th Cavalry. On June 20, 1889, fort was abandoned as a military post and property passed into private ownership. (1970)
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
Established in 1867 by the 4th Cavalry at a junction of the Butterfield and Goodnight trails, Fort Concho anchored a line of forts guarding the Texas frontier from northeastern Texas to El Paso. Its sandstone barracks, hospital, and officers' quarters housed a remarkable roster of commanders, including Ranald Mackenzie, who led campaigns against Native resistance, and Benjamin Grierson, commander of the Black "buffalo soldiers" of the 10th Cavalry. The Army abandoned the post in 1889 and it passed into private hands.
Why it matters
Fort Concho was a linchpin of the U.S. Army's westward campaigns, and the buffalo soldiers stationed here mark the central role of Black cavalrymen in the contested settling of the Southwest.
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Related people
- · Ranald Slidell Mackenzie
- · Benjamin H. Grierson
- · William R. Shafter
Themes & tags
Nearby & related markers
The Tenth Cavalry
San Angelo, TX
After the Civil War, Congress authorized six regiments of Black soldiers, and in 1867 the Tenth Cavalry organized under Colonel Benjamin Grierson. Reassigned west to escape discrimination at Fort Leavenworth, the regiment reached Fort Concho in 1875, where its troopers endured grueling scouting and mapping expeditions across the high plains. They played a key role in the 1880 defeat of the Mescalero Apache leader Victorio before moving on to Fort Davis and, in later generations, service around the world.
John Ingram
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John Ingram was born in Kentucky in 1808 and came west to join the fight for Texas independence, standing among the men at the decisive Battle of San Jacinto in 1836. He lived on through the years of the Republic and early statehood, dying in San Angelo in 1896 at the age of 87. His grave marks the long life of one of the ordinary soldiers whose victory won Texas its independence.
Fairmount Cemetery
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San Angelo laid out its "New City Cemetery" here in 1893, and within a few years a volunteer women's auxiliary — led for 38 years by Mrs. C.A. Broome — took charge of the graveyard and renamed it Fairmount. Its 52 acres now hold more than 33,000 burials that read like a cross-section of West Texas history: former slaves, African American Buffalo Soldiers, pioneer ranchers and oilmen, and veterans of every conflict from the Texas Revolution through Vietnam, among them WWII Medal of Honor recipient Lt. Jack Mathis. Fine statuary, a Greek Orthodox section, and decades of women's stewardship make it a civic landmark.
Mullins Cemetery
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This cemetery honors Isaac Mullins, a Virginia-born pioneer who came to the Republic of Texas in 1837 and helped organize Tom Green County, serving on its first commission and in the state legislature. His "IC" cattle brand became one of the most famous in Texas as he trailed herds to markets as far as California, and in the 1860s he captained a company of Texas Rangers. He gave land for a school and deeded this site as a cemetery in 1881, where he lies among Civil War veterans and pioneers of the old Mullins community.