Ashley Lodge No. 681, A. F. & A. M.
Bailey, Fannin County, Texas
Marker Inscription
Chartered on December 12, 1889, this was the seventh Masonic lodge organized in Fannin County. The first official meeting occurred in January 1890, in a two-story frame building which the lodge shared with the Baptist church. In 1912 the lodge purchased a separate building in downtown Bailey. The second floor was reserved for lodge meetings, while the first floor was leased to a variety of retail businesses. That structure burned in 1950, and Ashley Lodge members met in the Grove Hill Lodge in Leonard until a new building was completed in 1952.
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
Fraternal lodges were pillars of small-town Texas life, and Ashley Lodge No. 681 was the seventh Masonic body organized in Fannin County when it received its charter in December 1889. Its early brethren met above the everyday bustle of Bailey — first sharing a frame building with the Baptist congregation, later meeting over downtown storefronts. Fire twice reshaped the lodge's home, but the members regrouped, borrowing space in nearby Leonard until a new hall rose in 1952.
Why it matters
Masonic lodges knit together the civic and social fabric of frontier-era towns, and this one traces the resilience of a rural community through boom, fire, and rebuilding.
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Themes & tags
Nearby & related markers
First Baptist Church of Bailey
Bailey, TX
In 1888 a handful of neighbors gathered in the Atkins home to found a Baptist congregation, twelve charter members strong, first calling themselves Corinth Baptist Church. They met monthly in the Portland schoolhouse until relocating to Bailey in 1890, sharing a building with the local Masonic lodge and taking the town's name. Growth brought a dedicated sanctuary in 1913 and a larger brick church in 1940, more than a century of continuous life in a small Fannin County town.
Portland
Portland, TX
Confederate veteran Jesse Green London brought his family to this spot in 1873, and other families followed to build a small farming settlement with a blacksmith, a wood shop, a school, and a store that doubled as post office. A Congregational Methodist church took shape by the century's end, worshiping in the old log schoolhouse until a sanctuary was built in 1909. When the rail line was laid to the south, Portland's chance to grow slipped away, leaving little today but a few homes and the church.
Grove Hill
Leonard, TX
Grove Hill began when George W. Smith settled here in 1844, and by the 1850s a full community had risen with a post office, a Baptist church, and a schoolhouse doubling as sanctuary and Masonic hall. Its residents formed a Confederate home guard during the Civil War, and its cemetery holds pioneer settlers alongside at least one former slave, Jack Sudderth, who lived to nearly a century. The town faded in the 1880s once the railroad favored nearby Leonard, drawing away its lodge, school, and people.
James Fowler Biggers
Bailey, TX
James Fowler Biggers was part of the great postwar migration that reshaped Texas: born in South Carolina and raised in Mississippi, he brought his family west by wagon train in 1869 to settle the black-land prairies of Fannin County. Like many frontier settlers of the Reconstruction era, he wove together the institutions a new community needed — a Primitive Baptist congregation he helped found and served as lay preacher, a school housed in that same church, and a community cemetery. His life traces how faith, education, and settlement advanced hand in hand on the North Texas frontier.