The Historic LS
Boys Ranch, Oldham County, Texas
Marker Inscription
(Headquarters 3 miles southeast) Great early ranch well known to badman Billy the Kid and other famed western characters. The LS was founded in 1870s by former Indian Territory trader W. M. D. Lee and New York financier Lucien Scott. Through Lee's efforts, the LS had water and grass for over 100,000 cattle and sometimes drove 6 or 7 herds a year up the trail. When thefts followed Billy the Kid's visits, LS men rode west and brought back their cattle; and when Tascosa gunfights put men into Boot Hill graves, the LS escaped disaster. But drouth brought heavy losses in 1886; and grant of 3,000,000 acres of panhandle lands to the XIT (State of Texas' payment for constructing Capitol in Austin) cut old LS range in half. Lee left in 1890 to promote a ship canal in Houston. Scott died 1893. W. H. Gray and E. F. Swift of Chicago bought LS in 1905. Memorable LS men included foreman J. E. McAlister, later a Channing merchant. One of the $25-a-month cowboys was E. L. Doheny, later a multi-millionaire oil man involved in 1920's Teapot Dome scandal. Ownership of brand and 96,000 acres of LS range passed to Col. C. T. Herring, rancher and civic leader of Amarillo; his estate still operates it. (1968)
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
Founded in the 1870s by frontier trader W.M.D. Lee and New York financier Lucien Scott, the LS grew into one of the great cattle empires of the Texas Panhandle, running more than 100,000 head and driving herds up the trail each year. Its range brushed against legends — Billy the Kid rode through, and the surrounding country saw Tascosa gunfights fill Boot Hill. Drought in 1886 and the vast XIT land grant cut the LS down, but the brand endured through later owners, including one cowboy, E.L. Doheny, who left the $25-a-month saddle to become an oil magnate ensnared in the Teapot Dome scandal.
Why it matters
The LS distills the whole open-range era — its boom, its outlaws, and its collapse — into a single Panhandle ranch that touched figures from Billy the Kid to national oil scandal.
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Related people
- · W.M.D. Lee
- · Lucien Scott
- · Billy the Kid
- · E.L. Doheny
Themes & tags
Nearby & related markers
LS Alamosa Ranch Headquarters
Vega, TX
This sturdy sandstone house was built in 1886 for the manager of the sprawling LS Ranch, owned by W.M.D. Lee and Lucien B. Scott in the Texas Panhandle. Stonemason Tom Nolan reportedly modeled it and its twin bunkhouse on a picture from an Arbuckle Coffee sack. Its first resident manager was Jim East, a former Tascosa sheriff, and the home stayed in one family's hands for generations after 1939.
XIT General Office
Channing, TX
The legendary XIT Ranch sprawled across three million acres of the Texas Panhandle, land the state traded to investors in exchange for building its capitol in Austin. In 1898–99 the ranch raised this handsome general office in Channing, hauling in five railroad cars of brick and dressing it in Victorian detail — a wraparound porch, decorative eave brackets, and turned columns meant to impress visitors amid the open range. It ran the vast operation until 1912.
Home County of Doctor Oscar H. Loyd (1868-1959)
Vega, TX
Dr. Oscar H. Loyd came to Vega in 1907 as Oldham County's first physician and quickly became far more than a doctor. Over ranchers' objections he introduced farming to the Panhandle, broke sod with the county's first steam tractor, and won prizes for his produce at state fairs; he served more than thirty years as a volunteer weather observer, phoning in daily reports at his own expense. During the 1918 flu epidemic he tended the sick day and night, delivered food, and buried the dead, and he bought the county's first automobile to reach his patients. A tireless civic leader, he founded its first Chamber of Commerce and backed the original Highway 66 Association.
The _X (LX) First Ranch in Potter County
Amarillo, TX
Established in 1877 by Colorado merchants W. H. Bates and D. T. Beals, the LX was one of the great open-range cattle operations of the Texas Panhandle, spreading across roughly 1,000 square miles between present-day Dumas and Amarillo. LX cattle were trailed north to Dodge City and on to the newly opened ranges of Montana and Wyoming as the buffalo vanished. A British firm bought the ranch in 1884, and when Potter County organized in 1887, the 38 LX cowboys voted to make Amarillo the county seat. Among its hands was Charles Siringo, later famous as a cowboy author and detective.