HistoricSiteMarkers
Progressive & Modern Era

Rafael Rios No. 1

Stairtown, Caldwell County, Texas

Marker Inscription

(Located 0.8 Mi.N, on Farm Road 671) Discovery well of Luling Field, a major Texas oil area. Wildcatter E.B. Davis drilled on land owned by R. Rios. Well came in Aug. 10, 1922, after 3 dry holes had been drilled in same area. Magnolia (now Mobil) Oil Co. bought filed 1926. By 1969, production was 135,000,000 barrels. Incise on back: Donated by Mobil Oil Corporation.

Erected by Texas Historical Commission

The Story

On August 10, 1922, wildcatter E.B. Davis brought in this discovery well on land owned by R. Rios after three earlier dry holes, opening the major Luling oil field. Magnolia Oil (later Mobil) bought the field in 1926, and by 1969 it had yielded some 135 million barrels. The strike helped transform a stretch of Central Texas farmland into an oil district.

Why it matters

The well marks the persistence of the wildcatter era, when a single gamble after repeated failures could unlock a field that reshaped a region's economy.

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Related people

  • · E.B. Davis
  • · R. Rios

Related events

  • · Discovery of the Luling oil field (1922)

Themes & tags

Nearby & related markers

City of Luling

Luling, TX

Luling sprang up in 1874 where the Galveston, Harrisburg & San Antonio Railroad crossed a main wagon road, drawing in whole communities and a relocated post office and chartering as a city that September. As the railroad's terminus into 1875 it boomed with shipping, drifters, and a reputation as a tough town before churches and schools settled it down. A 1922 oil strike opened a new chapter, with scores of producing wells drilled inside the city limits.

Edgar B. Davis, Oil Pioneer-Philanthropist

Luling, TX

Edgar B. Davis came to Luling after careers in Massachusetts shoe manufacturing and overseas rubber planting, and in 1922 his wildcat gamble brought in the Luling Oil Field — 215 producing wells by 1926. Rather than simply pocketing the fortune, he handed his employees $2,500,000 in bonuses and endowed the Luling Foundation to advance agriculture and opportunity in the area. Its work in soil conservation and crop and livestock improvement carried his vision forward, and he remained in the community until his death.

The Fritz Zedler Home

Luling, TX

Born in Germany in 1840, Fritz Zedler came to Texas as a boy and, after moving to Luling in 1884, built up the thriving enterprise known as Zedler's Mill. In 1900 he raised this ten-room, four-porch house from his own plans, a monument to his prosperity. It stayed in the family until 1964 and was later bought and carefully restored, earning recognition as a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark.

Zedler's Mills

Luling, TX

In 1874 John and James Merriwether and Leonidas Hardeman raised a gristmill and sawmill on this spot, damming the San Marcos River with stone to harness its power. New owners operating as the Luling Water Power Company added a cotton gin in 1884, and by 1888 milling veteran Fritz Zedler had bought out the stock and brought his sons into the family firm. For decades the Zedlers not only ground grain but supplied the town of Luling with water and, later, electric power, until operations wound down around 1960.