Old Lake Dam
Ennis, Ellis County, Texas
Marker Inscription
Constructed in 1891, this dam created a body of water known variously as the City Reservoir, Ennis Railroad Lake, and Old City Lake. It was built in answer to a proposal by the Houston and Texas Central Railroad to move its divisional headquarters to Ennis from Corsicana. The lake provided water for the train station and machine shops. The location of the railroad here contributed to the growth of the city, and in recent years the Old Lake Dam has provided recreational facilities and flood control for the area.
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
Built in 1891, this dam impounded the water that clinched Ennis's future, created to supply the Houston and Texas Central Railroad's station and machine shops after the line chose to move its divisional headquarters there from Corsicana. The reservoir it formed went by several names as it powered the town's growth and later served for recreation and flood control. A humble earthwork, it marks the deal that turned Ennis into a railroad town.
Why it matters
It captures how railroads' basic needs—water for engines and shops—could make or break a town, seeding the industrial infrastructure of nineteenth-century Texas.
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Themes & tags
Nearby & related markers
Railroads in Ennis
Ennis, TX
The Houston & Texas Central pushed its tracks past here in 1871, and in 1872 the town of Ennis was platted along the line and named for railroad official Cornelius Ennis. Local boosters won a division point with roundhouse, machine shops, and headquarters—on the promise that Ennis could always supply their water—while magnate Hetty Green's Texas Midland and a Dallas-to-Corsicana interurban later threaded the town. The interurban ran until 1941 and the last Texas Midland lines closed by 1975, leaving Union Pacific on the original route.
The Southern Pacific Railroad in Ennis
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Ennis was founded in 1887 as the northern terminus of the Houston and Texas Central Railroad, later part of the Southern Pacific system, and named for railroad official Cornelius Ennis. A major expansion in 1891 brought shops, a roundhouse, offices, and reservoir lakes, fueling decades of growth. The town earned a reputation as the junction where railroads met cotton fields, and several of those railroad buildings and lakes survive.
Old Bardwell
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In the 1880s Ellis County was booming cotton country, and a little community called Pleasant Valley grew up here to serve farmers hauling their crop by wagon. A steam-powered cotton gin, a store, a church, blacksmiths and even a local paper turned the settlement into the town of Bardwell—named, by local tradition, after a gin owner who lived elsewhere and held the property barely a year. When the railroad passed a half-mile east in 1907, the town literally picked itself up and moved to the tracks, and Old Bardwell faded away.
Rutherford's Crossing Bridge
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