Mission Santissimo Nombre de Maria
Weches, Houston County, Texas
Marker Inscription
Was founded in this vicinity summer 1690 "on the banks of the Arcangel San Miguel" (Neches) River. Erected A.D. 1934 by De Zavala Chapter, Texas Historical and Landmarks Association. Located by: Dr. Albert Woldert, Tyler, Texas; Miss Adina De Zavala, San Antonio, Texas. Assisted by Mr. J.M. Lovell, Augusta, Texas.
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
In the summer of 1690, Franciscan friars planted this short-lived mission near the Neches River as part of Spain's first serious push into East Texas. It belonged to the same evangelizing effort aimed at the Tejas (Hasinai) peoples that gave the future state its name. The stone marker itself was raised in 1934 by early Texas preservationists who traced and located the vanished site.
Why it matters
Spain's fragile East Texas missions were the opening move in the contest among Spain, France, and Native nations for the land that became Texas.
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Related people
- · Adina De Zavala
- · Albert Woldert
Related events
- · Founding of Mission Santissimo Nombre de Maria, 1690
Themes & tags
Nearby & related markers
Mound Prairie
Alto, TX
Rising from otherwise flat terrain, three earthen mounds and a surrounding village of roughly 100 acres mark one of the most significant ancient sites in North America. From about 500 to 1100 A.D., Caddoan peoples lived here at the southwestern edge of the great Mississippian mound-building culture, raising beehive-shaped houses and building mounds that served as temple platforms and burial places. Excavations uncovered pottery, pipes, charred corn, and flint points, and centuries later, in 1690, Spaniards built the first East Texas mission nearby to minister to the Tejas Indians.
Neches Indian Village
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At the dawn of the 18th century, a village of the Neches Indians stood here in what is now Cherokee County, one of the Caddoan peoples of East Texas. Their name was given to the nearby river and to a Spanish mission, San Francisco de los Neches, established in the era of contact between Native nations and European colonizers. In 1839, the Neches were expelled from Texas alongside the Cherokees during the young Republic's campaigns to drive out Native peoples.
Site of the Mission San Francisco De Los Tejas
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Franciscan missionaries first founded Mission San Francisco de los Tejas in 1690 to convert the Neches and other Native peoples of East Texas. Reestablished in 1716 and briefly abandoned after a French incursion from Louisiana in 1719, it was relocated here in 1721 by the Marquis de Aguayo, then moved again until it finally settled on the San Antonio River in 1731 as San Francisco de la Espada. A 1936 state marker records its wandering history.
Mission San Francisco de los Tejas
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In 1690 Franciscan friars founded San Francisco de los Tejas, the first Spanish mission in East Texas, after explorer Alonso de León led his fifth expedition into the region to gauge the Tejas peoples and hunt for lingering traces of La Salle's French venture. From the word "tejas"—the Hasinai term for "friend"—came the name of the future state. Beset by isolation, epidemics, weak defenses, and Native resistance to conversion, the mission was abandoned by 1693, yet it seeded Spain's long campaign to colonize Texas.