Maverick County Courthouse
Eagle Pass, Maverick County, Texas
Marker Inscription
A landmark of the Texas-Mexico border area. Built 1884-85, during term of county Judge Thomas Lamb, on site chosen by citizens' committee, who donated $800 toward purchase of land from R.E. Moffit. Architects: Wahrenberger and Beckman, San Antonio. Contractor: A local builder, William Hausser (1847-1919). Courthouse and a jail were erected at total cost of $20,489. This was site of celebrated Dick Duncan murder trial, 1889. Duncan, accused of killing four members of a San Saba family he was escorting to Mexico, was convicted on evidence gathered by Sheriff W.N. Cooke and Texas Rangers Ira Aten and John R. Hughes. He was sentenced to death by district Judge Winchester Kelso. Duncan appealed to state and federal courts and gained national notoriety, but was hanged in the county jail on September 18, 1891, in the only capital execution ever carried out by Maverick county. Early jail was replaced in 1949. A fine example of Victorian design, with crenelation that suggests a fortress, the courthouse is a border structure with great architectural significance. The clock tower still holds its original E. Howard works and bell. Marker dedicated in September 1971 to commemorate centennial of the organization of Maverick county. Recorded Texas Historic Landmark - 1971
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
Built in 1884–85 on land chosen by a citizens' committee, the Maverick County Courthouse rose as a fortress-like Victorian landmark on the Texas–Mexico border, its crenelated tower still keeping time with its original E. Howard works. Within its walls unfolded the sensational 1889 trial of Dick Duncan, convicted of murder on evidence gathered by Texas Rangers and hanged in 1891 in the county's only capital execution. The courthouse remains a striking monument to law and civic ambition on the frontier.
Why it matters
Border courthouses like this one asserted the reach of law and order in a still-turbulent frontier region, standing as durable symbols of settled government.
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Related people
- · Dick Duncan
- · Ira Aten
- · John R. Hughes
Related events
- · Dick Duncan murder trial
Themes & tags
Nearby & related markers
Maverick County
Eagle Pass, TX
Carved from Kinney County in 1856 and organized in 1871, Maverick County took its name from Samuel A. Maverick, a signer of the Texas Declaration of Independence. Its county seat, Eagle Pass, sits where the storied El Camino Real crossed the Rio Grande — the same road that carried Spanish missionaries, the explorer Louis St. Denis, Moses Austin, and generations of troops and settlers into Texas. The land holds Spanish mission ruins and old military posts, including Fort Duncan, which sheltered both U.S. and Confederate soldiers.
Eagle Pass Post Office
Eagle Pass, TX
Eagle Pass got its first post office in 1849, the same year the Army established Fort Duncan on this stretch of the Rio Grande border. After several moves, the postal service completed this Renaissance Revival building in 1912 to a design by supervising architect James K. Taylor. When a new post office opened in 1964, the well-preserved structure found a second life as the city's public library.
S. P. Simpson, Jr., House
Eagle Pass, TX
Samuel Pruit Simpson, Jr. came to the border town of Eagle Pass from Lexington, Kentucky, as a boy in 1883 and grew into a pioneer banker, joining the city's first bank founded by his father. In 1908–09 he built this fine home on Ceylon Street, designed by San Antonio architect Henry Phelps, among the first of its kind in the growing town. A civic leader and church vestryman, Simpson helped shape the commercial life of the frontier community.
California Camp
Eagle Pass, TX
After Fort Duncan was founded nearby in 1849, this spot became a camp and staging ground for California-bound forty-niners who chose the southern route through Mexico toward the Gila River or the Pacific port of Mazatlán. Settlers from the older smugglers'-trail town of Paso del Águila moved here for the trade the emigrants brought, and in 1850 San Antonio landowner John Twohig laid out a townsite and named it Eagle Pass. The gold seekers passing through helped seed a permanent border community.