HistoricSiteMarkers
Early Republic

Kensington Riots of 1844

Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania

Marker Inscription

The first of two 1844 riots in Philadelphia took place May 6–8 and was part of a wave of violence in American cities sparked by Protestant nativists’ attacks on Irish Catholic immigrants. The clashes caused dozens of deaths and injuries and destroyed more than 30 buildings. Local authorities’ failure to maintain order led to such reforms as municipal consolidation in 1854, a unified police force, and the Catholic diocese’s first parochial schools.

Erected by Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission

The Story

For three days in May 1844, the Kensington district erupted in the first of two riots that tore through Philadelphia that year, part of a national wave of Protestant nativist violence aimed at Irish Catholic immigrants. Dozens were killed or injured and more than thirty buildings were destroyed as local authorities failed to restore order. The chaos spurred lasting reforms, including the 1854 consolidation of the city, a unified police force, and the Catholic diocese's first parochial schools.

Why it matters

The riots exposed the violent edge of anti-immigrant, anti-Catholic sentiment in antebellum America and helped drive the creation of modern urban policing and the Catholic school system.

Plan your visit

Nearby

Make a day of it — museums, food, and places to stay near this marker.

Museums & culture

Attractions

Food & drink

  • Independence Mall Cafe
    1.5 mi away · 50 North Independence Mall East, Philadelphia
  • 3J's Cafe
    1.6 mi away · 317 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA
  • Bubble Tea Room
    1.6 mi away · 319 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA
  • PrimoHoagies
    1.6 mi away · 304 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA
  • Fork
    1.6 mi away · 306 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA
  • Menagerie Coffee
    1.6 mi away · 18 South 3rd Street, Philadelphia, PA

Places to stay

Places data © OpenStreetMap contributors. Hours and details change — call ahead.

Own a business near here? Add it to the map.

Related events

  • · Kensington Riots of 1844

Themes & tags

Nearby & related markers

The Salvation Army

Philadelphia, PA · est. 1998

In 1879 seventeen-year-old Eliza Shirley, newly arrived from England, opened the first U.S. corps of the Salvation Army on Oxford Street, carrying out a mission from the movement's founder, William Booth. What began with a teenager's storefront ministry to the poor grew into one of the largest charitable organizations in the country. From this Philadelphia beginning, the Army spread its blend of evangelism and social relief nationwide.

St. John Neumann

Philadelphia, PA · est. 1981

This Philadelphia site holds the remains of John Neumann, a Bohemian-born priest who arrived in America in 1836 and rose to become the fourth Bishop of Philadelphia. A tireless Redemptorist, he built the nation's first Catholic diocesan school system, laying groundwork that would educate generations of immigrant children. Canonized in 1977, he became the first male American saint.

America's First Lager

Philadelphia, PA · est. 2001

In 1840 John Wagner carried lager yeast from Bavaria to Philadelphia and brewed what is remembered as the first true lager beer in the United States. Unlike the heavier ales then common, lager was cold-fermented and crisp, and it caught on quickly as waves of German immigrants brought both a taste for it and the skill to make it. Their breweries multiplied through the 19th century, helping build one of America's great industries.

African Zoar Methodist Episcopal Church

Philadelphia, PA · est. 1990

In 1794, fifteen men and three women broke away from St. George's Church, under the leadership of the pioneering Black preacher Harry Hosier, to found African Zoar here. Through the turbulent decades that followed, the congregation became active in the Underground Railroad, sheltering freedom-seekers in a city that was a crucial northern crossing point. Zoar moved to 12th and Melon Streets in 1883 and endures as United Methodism's oldest Black congregation.