Henderson County Courthouse
Athens, Henderson County, Texas
Marker Inscription
The Texas Legislature created Henderson County in 1846. For the next few years, county commissioners met at various locations, including private homes and the communities of Buffalo and Centerville. Samuel Huffer later determined the center of the county was on the Thomas Parmer survey, and Matthew Cartwright secured 160 acres for the new courthouse. In 1850, the county seat moved to Athens, which was incorporated in 1856. County commissioners hired John Loop to construct a log courthouse. It served as the court building for 11 years. In 1860, William Warenskjold began construction on a two-story frame courthouse, which burned in 1885, leaving only the district and county clerk buildings standing. C.H. Hawn & Co. constructed the next courthouse, which was used until 1913. That June, with a design by L.L. Thurmon & Company of Dallas, the commissioners court approved the bid of L.R. Wright & Company to build a new courthouse on the square. Accepted by the court in January 1914, the Henderson County Courthouse exhibits a Classical Revival design. The building is comprised of three floors above a basement, and features a central dome and four three-bay pedimented entries with Tuscan columns. The cross-axial plan is formed from a central block with single bays projecting from each corner. Original detailing includes marble stairways and wainscoting on the interior. Since becoming the county's public center, the courthouse has been the location of the "Old Fiddlers" contest and other events. Today, memorials and tributes to Henderson County veterans, leaders, residents and history are located on the square. Recorded Texas Historic Landmark - 2002
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
When the Texas Legislature carved out Henderson County in 1846, its government met in private homes and scattered settlements before Athens became the county seat in 1850. A log courthouse gave way to a frame building that burned in 1885, and after another structure was outgrown, the county raised this Classical Revival courthouse, accepted in 1914. With its central dome, Tuscan-columned entries, and marble stairways, it has anchored the town square as the setting for civic life and the famous "Old Fiddlers" contest ever since.
Why it matters
The county courthouse on its square is the quintessential seat of local self-government in Texas, and Henderson County's succession of buildings traces how a raw frontier county matured into a settled community.
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Nearby & related markers
Athens Lodge No. 165 A.F. & A.M.
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Chartered in 1854, Athens Lodge No. 165 was the first Masonic lodge in Henderson County, founded just a few years after the town of Athens itself. Its members first met above a store on the public square and grew from eleven master masons to more than fifty within two years, obtaining a formal charter in 1856. Over generations the lodge helped seed new lodges in surrounding communities and drew its members from the county's leaders in business, law, education, and public service.
Walnut Creek Community
Athens, TX
Farm families settled along Walnut Creek as early as 1850, raising grains, cotton, cane, and livestock in a community that gradually built the institutions of rural life. Worship began under a brush arbor in 1859; a Methodist sanctuary followed in 1884, an adjoining cemetery soon after, and a schoolhouse in 1899 that scheduled classes around the growing season. As nearby Athens grew and rail bypassed the settlement, Walnut Creek faded, but its cemetery—designated a Historic Texas Cemetery in 2001—still marks where the community stood.
Goodgame Cemetery
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Named for a pioneering family that migrated from Alabama in the 1850s, Goodgame Cemetery has served Henderson County since the Civil War era, its first recorded burial a young girl who died in 1863 while her father was away at war. Floyd Crockett Goodgame's sons became Confederate officers, and one, a schoolteacher, returned to teach and help found the community of Turkey Creek. The ground was formally deeded in 1901 and holds veterans of every American war from the Civil War through Korea, marked by Woodmen of the World stones and family curbing.
Smith Cemetery
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Smith Cemetery was established in 1850 in Henderson County, Texas, in the early decades of the state's Anglo settlement. Such family and community burial grounds were frequently the first lasting institutions on newly settled land. It was designated a Historic Texas Cemetery in 2002.