Hemphill County
Canadian, Hemphill County, Texas
Marker Inscription
Formed form Young and Bexar territories. Created August 21, 1876. Organized July 5, 1886. Named in honor of John Hemphill, 1809-1862. First Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the State of Texas. Adjutant General of the Somervell Expedition. Member of the first State Constitutional Convention. Member of the United States Congress. Canadian, the county seat.
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
Carved from earlier Young and Bexar territory, Hemphill County was created in 1876 and formally organized a decade later as settlers pushed into the Texas Panhandle. It honors John Hemphill (1809–1862), the first chief justice of the Texas Supreme Court, who also served in the Somervell Expedition, the first state constitutional convention, and the United States Congress. Canadian became its county seat.
Why it matters
County-creation markers trace how the vast open Panhandle was surveyed, organized, and folded into the machinery of Texas government.
Own a business near here? Add it to the map.
Related people
- · John Hemphill
Themes & tags
Nearby & related markers
Canadian River Trails
Canadian, TX
The trails along the Canadian River were ancient corridors of trade, hunting, and exploration long before Coronado followed them in 1541 chasing rumored cities of gold. Josiah Gregg led a Missouri trading party this way toward Santa Fe in 1840, and Captain R. B. Marcy escorted gold-seekers along the river in 1849. Through the 1870s and '80s hunters, cattlemen, and settlers used the same routes as the Panhandle was opened to settlement — a river whose name comes from a Spanish word for 'boxed-in.'
Edith Ford Memorial Cemetery
Canadian, TX
When Thomas T. McGee, the first sheriff of Canadian, was laid to rest on a hill east of town in 1894, graves already dotted the ground dating back to 1883—the informal beginnings of a frontier burying place. His widow Mary bought the land, and it passed through the years as the McGee Cemetery before the Young family renamed it Edith Ford Memorial Cemetery in 1933. Home to thirteen of the county's first eighteen judges, it reads as a founders' roll for Hemphill County.
Tom T. McGee
Canadian, TX
Tom T. McGee came to the Panhandle around 1884 and was working as a ranch foreman when he was elected the first sheriff of Hemphill County in 1887, the year Canadian was founded. In November 1894 he was mortally wounded in a gunfight defending a large money shipment against six armed men at the Wells, Fargo & Co. office. In a poignant coda, his widow later volunteered in England during World War I and died there, her ashes returned home for burial.
The Former Canadian Hospital
Canadian, TX
When it opened in 1917, this building was the first hospital in the Panhandle town of Canadian, paid for by public subscription and passing through a succession of local doctors. Its value became tragically clear on April 9, 1947, when one of the deadliest tornadoes in Texas history tore through the nearby Glazier–Higgins area, killing and injuring hundreds — and this small hospital was the only one for miles. It closed in 1949 and is now a private residence.