HistoricSiteMarkers
Pre-Contact America

Hardaway Archaeological Site

Badin, Stanly County, North Carolina

Marker Inscription

Hardaway Site. Archaeological site key to understanding earliest native population. Its occupation dates to ca. 10,000 B.C. One mi. N.E.

Erected by North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources

The Story

On a hill above the Yadkin River lies one of the most important early sites in the American Southeast. The Hardaway Site preserves traces of some of the first people to inhabit the region, with occupation reaching back roughly 12,000 years to the close of the last Ice Age. Its distinctive stone tools have helped archaeologists define the earliest cultural sequences of eastern North America.

Why it matters

Hardaway anchors the human story of the Carolinas in deep time, documenting Native peoples in the region millennia before European contact.

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Themes & tags

Nearby & related markers

The Trading Path

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The Trading Path was a colonial overland route that took shape in the 1600s, carrying traders and goods south from the Virginia settlements toward the Catawba and Waxhaw peoples of the Carolina Piedmont. Much of it followed far older Indigenous trails. This artery of deerskins, cloth, and manufactured wares helped open the backcountry to European settlement, and it passed near this spot.

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The Trading Path, dating from the 1600s, linked Petersburg, Virginia, to the Catawba people of the Carolina Piedmont. Along it moved traders, packhorses, and the goods that bound Native nations to distant colonial markets. Following routes long used by Indigenous travelers, the path passed nearby and helped funnel settlers into the region.

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Beginning in the seventeenth century, the Trading Path ran from Petersburg, Virginia, deep into the Carolina backcountry to reach the Waxhaw people. Traders drove packhorses along the route, exchanging European goods for deerskins and building the earliest commercial ties between colony and Native nations. The path passed nearby, threading through country that would soon fill with settlers.

Occaneechi Village

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Around 1680 to 1710, a village of the Occaneechi people stood a half mile east of here, astride the Great Trading Path that carried commerce deep into the Carolina interior. In 1701 the explorer John Lawson passed through and recorded his impressions of the community. The Occaneechi were influential traders whose position on the path made them a hub of exchange between Native nations and colonists.