Gulf Intracoastal Waterway
Surfside, Brazoria County, Texas
Marker Inscription
This complex of barge canals and natural channels-- most valuable waterway in America-- stretches 1,116 mi. from Brownsville, Texas, to St. Mark's, Florida. Is longer, carries more tonnage than Suez and Panama canals. Is a vital link in economy of Texas and has been one of main causes of rapid development of Gulf Coast area. The canal system was begun in 1854 when a short canal was built from Galveston Bay to mouth of Brazos River as aid to Texas trade; it was 50 ft. wide, 3.5 ft. deep and dug by hand-labor and mule teams. Later projects widened, lengthened canal along the coast. Most important period in growth of the waterway system was result of determined efforts by two Texas businessmen, Clarence S. E. Holland and Roy Miller. In 1905-07 these men organized the initial financial support, arranged construction and won congressional backing for canal improvements. By 1966 annual total tonnage of the waterway exceeded 78,500,000 tons. (1967)
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
The Gulf Intracoastal Waterway threads more than 1,100 miles of barge canals and natural channels from Brownsville, Texas, to Florida — longer and heavier-hauling than the Suez and Panama canals combined. It began humbly in 1854 with a short, hand-and-mule-dug canal linking Galveston Bay to the Brazos, then grew through decades of widening and extension. The most decisive push came in 1905–07, when Texas businessmen Clarence Holland and Roy Miller organized the financing and won the congressional backing that made the modern system possible.
Why it matters
Rarely seen by the public yet vital to the national economy, the waterway helped drive the rapid industrial development of the entire Gulf Coast.
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Related people
- · Clarence S. E. Holland
- · Roy Miller
Themes & tags
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