HistoricSiteMarkers
Colonial America

Grubb's First Forge

Cornwall, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania

Marker Inscription

Peter Grubb (c.1700-54) carried on his initial efforts at iron-making in 1735 just slightly to the north. He used the Catalan-type forge which had originated in Spain sometime during the tenth century.

Erected by Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission

The Story

Around 1735, Peter Grubb began working iron just north of here, launching an enterprise that would help make Pennsylvania a colonial iron powerhouse. He relied on the Catalan-type forge—a bloomery method with roots in tenth-century Spain—to draw usable iron from ore. Grubb's early efforts seeded the great Cornwall ironworks that followed.

Why it matters

This forge stands at the beginning of Pennsylvania's iron industry, the colonial foundation of an American manufacturing tradition that would one day help arm a revolution and build a nation.

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Related people

  • · Peter Grubb

Related events

  • · Early Pennsylvania iron-making

Themes & tags

Industry & InventionMill / Factory

Nearby & related markers

Cornwall Banks

Cornwall, PA · est. 1947

The Cornwall Banks were among the richest iron deposits in the world and the oldest continuously worked mine in the New World, yielding ore for more than two centuries. From colonial furnaces that helped arm the Revolution to the industrial age, this Lebanon County hillside fed a steady stream of Pennsylvania iron — long described as the greatest such ore body east of Lake Superior.

Cornwall Furnace

Cornwall, PA · est. 1948

Peter Grubb raised this charcoal-fired iron furnace in 1742, tapping the rich ore of the Cornwall hills to smelt pig iron in an age when American industry was still in its infancy. Under later owners—most famously the Coleman family—the works ran for more than 140 years, outlasting nearly every one of its colonial-era rivals. Preserved as a state historic site, it survives as the best intact example of an early Pennsylvania ironmaking plantation.

Cornwall Furnace

Cornwall, PA · est. 1948

Built by ironmaster Peter Grubb in 1742, this charcoal furnace drew on the abundant iron ore of the Cornwall hills and stayed in blast until 1883—an extraordinary run of nearly a century and a half. It smelted iron through the colonial era, the Revolution, and deep into the industrial age before finally falling cold. Today the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission cares for the site as a monument to the state's ironmaking heritage.

Cornwall Iron Furnace

West Cornwall Township, PA · est. 2005

Founded in 1742 by Peter Grubb beside a rich vein of iron ore and vast charcoal-making forests, Cornwall Iron Furnace grew into a self-sufficient industrial village complete with an ironmaster's mansion and workers' homes. Its furnaces poured pig iron, cast goods, and cannon for the Revolutionary War before passing to Robert Coleman in 1798 and running until 1883. Remarkably, the works survive fully intact nearby — a rare window into early American ironmaking.