HistoricSiteMarkers
Civil War

Gettysburg Campaign

Straban Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania

Marker Inscription

Near Hunterstown on July 2, 1863, Union cavalry led by Gen. Judson Kilpatrick attacked a Confederate cavalry brigade under Gen. Wade Hampton. Union troops commanded by George A. Custer and Elon J. Farnsworth engaged Hampton's brigade a quarter mile southwest of here near the Hunterstown Rd. Neither side was the clear victor in this four-hour engagement.

Erected by Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission

The Story

As the armies converged on Gettysburg, the fighting spilled into the surrounding countryside. Near Hunterstown on July 2, 1863, Union cavalry under Gen. Judson Kilpatrick — with brigades led by the young George A. Custer and Elon J. Farnsworth — clashed with Confederate horsemen under Gen. Wade Hampton. The four-hour running fight ended with neither side able to claim a clear victory.

Why it matters

The Hunterstown engagement is a reminder that the Battle of Gettysburg was fought across a whole region, and that mounted actions on its fringes shaped the campaign that turned the tide of the Civil War.

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Related people

  • · Judson Kilpatrick
  • · Wade Hampton
  • · George A. Custer
  • · Elon J. Farnsworth

Related events

  • · Battle of Hunterstown (1863)
  • · Gettysburg Campaign

Themes & tags

Civil WarBattlefield

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Gettysburg Campaign

Straban Township, PA · est. 1998

On July 3, 1863, as the great battle raged at Gettysburg, a major cavalry fight unfolded about a mile southeast of here. Union horsemen under Gen. David McM. Gregg met Confederate cavalry led by Gen. J.E.B. Stuart, whose aim was to strike the Union rear at the decisive moment. Through a series of mounted charges Gregg's troopers drove Stuart from the field, blunting the threat.

Army of the Potomac Medical Department

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In the first days of July 1863, the fields and farmhouses south and east of Gettysburg were transformed into a vast open-air hospital as the Army of the Potomac's Medical Department fought to save thousands of wounded men. Under the reforms of medical director Jonathan Letterman, the army had built a system of forward field hospitals, ambulance corps, and triage that was tested here at an unprecedented scale. This ground in Straban Township marks where surgeons worked around the clock amid the aftermath of the war's bloodiest battle.

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In the sweltering weeks after the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863, the fields east of town became Camp Letterman, the largest field hospital of the Civil War, where thousands of wounded soldiers from both armies were treated in orderly rows of tents. Named for Dr. Jonathan Letterman, the Army of the Potomac's medical director whose battlefield-evacuation system revolutionized military medicine, the camp combined surgery, convalescence, and an adjoining cemetery. The fragment quoted here — a grim bedside note that a soldier's recovery 'is yet doubtful' — captures the daily uncertainty that hung over the men who lay here through the summer and fall.

MI 1st, 5th, 6th & 7th MI Vol Cavalry Regs Custer

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Erected by the State of Michigan, this monument honors the men of the 1st, 5th, 6th, and 7th Michigan Cavalry — the Michigan Cavalry Brigade led by the young Brigadier General George Armstrong Custer — who fought on the fields east of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863. There, Union horsemen turned back a Confederate mounted attack intended to strike the rear of the Union line as Pickett's Charge went forward to the west.