First Oil Well in Hockley County
Sundown, Hockley County, Texas
Marker Inscription
On April 6, 1937, this well was completed by the Texas Company (Texaco, Inc.), flowing 502 barrels per day from a depth of 5,023 feet, on land owned by J. E. Guerry (1885-1956). The Guerry family purchased surface and 1/8 mineral rights on 127 acres, in 1929, from R. L. (Bob) Slaughter (1870-1938), who inherited over 160,000 acres of the Lazy S Ranch after death of his father, Col. C. C. Slaughter (1837-1919). Located in the vast Slaughter field, this well was the first of over 2,600 active wells in the county, which have produced over 400 million barrels of oil. (1970)
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
On April 6, 1937, the Texas Company brought in Hockley County's first producing oil well, flowing over 500 barrels a day from more than 5,000 feet down on land the Guerry family had bought from the sprawling Slaughter ranch empire. It opened the vast Slaughter field, and in the decades that followed the county's wells numbered in the thousands and yielded hundreds of millions of barrels of crude. The strike transformed a stretch of West Texas ranchland into part of the great Permian Basin oil province.
Why it matters
The discovery marks the moment ranch country became oil country, part of the mid-20th-century boom that made Texas synonymous with American petroleum and reshaped its economy for generations.
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Related people
- · J. E. Guerry
- · R. L. (Bob) Slaughter
- · C. C. Slaughter
Related events
- · Discovery of the Slaughter oil field
Themes & tags
Nearby & related markers
City of Sundown Cemetery
Sundown, TX
The town of Sundown rose on land that had been part of the sprawling C.C. Slaughter Ranch, and in 1931 the rancher's son Bob Slaughter donated ground for a community burial place. The first marked grave, that of Winnie Dell Hines Simmons, dates to 1933, and many who rest here were oil field workers drawn by the region's petroleum boom. Local garden club and volunteer firefighters planted the perimeter trees in 1962 as the grounds expanded.
City of Levelland
Levelland, TX
Surveyed and platted in 1912 as "Hockley City" by cereal magnate C. W. Post, this barren High Plains townsite won the race for county seat in 1921 — the first meeting of county officers reportedly held inside a Cadillac. Early Levelland made do with a 16-by-32-foot temporary courthouse, a well, and a community black-eyed pea patch, before the railroad arrived in 1925 and oil was discovered nearby in 1937.
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Isaac Ellwood, who made a fortune as one of the inventors and manufacturers of barbed wire, bought this vast South Plains range in 1889 from the veteran cattlemen D.H. and J.W. Snyder. Branded with the "Spade," the ranch was first stocked with calves from Ellwood's southern Renderbrook Spring holdings and eventually stretched fifty-four miles across several Panhandle counties before farmland sales moved its headquarters in the 1920s. Ellwood's descendants still own and operate it today.
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