Englishmen in South Texas, 1568
Kingsville, Kleberg County, Texas
Marker Inscription
Fifty-two years before the celebrated landing of English settlers at Plymouth Rock, in what is now Massachusetts, three Englishmen traveled this South Texas area. They were sailors who had gone to sea in 1567 with Sir John Hawkins, an admiral of the fleet of Queen Elizabeth I, on a trading voyage. At Vera Cruz, Mexico, on Sept 26, 1568, Sir John was attacked by the Spanish, losing five of his six ships. Forced by famine and overcrowding to lighten the remaining crippled ship, he put ashore 114 of his men on October 8, 1568, near Tampico. Most went south, only to be captured by the Spanish; 26 went north, had indian fights and other misfortunes. Of the 26, only Richard Browne, David Ingram, and Richard Twide ever reached England again. That Browne, Ingram, and Twide passed through this part of Texas is evident by Ingram's testimony, given to her Majesty's secretary in 1582. He told of cannibal Indians along the Gulf Coast. Described the lush grass at the Rio Grande's mouth and the sandy regions north of that river, told of large "musquetas" and of eating prickly pear fruit. In 11 months of steady walking-- only once resting as long as five days-- they reached Frenchmen in Nova Scotia, and a ship captain took them to Europe. (1973)
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
More than half a century before the Pilgrims reached Plymouth, three English sailors trekked through South Texas in 1568. They were survivors of Sir John Hawkins's ill-fated trading voyage, put ashore near Tampico after a Spanish attack and left to walk north through unknown country. Of the twenty-six who headed north, only Richard Browne, David Ingram, and Richard Twide are said to have reached Europe again—Ingram later describing to Queen Elizabeth's secretary the coastal peoples, the grasslands of the Rio Grande, and the prickly pear that kept them alive.
Why it matters
The tale marks one of the earliest recorded English footfalls on what became American soil, a reminder that European exploration of Texas long predated the founding of the northern colonies.
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Related people
- · Sir John Hawkins
- · David Ingram
- · Richard Browne
- · Richard Twide
- · Queen Elizabeth I
Related events
- · Hawkins voyage of 1567–1568
Themes & tags
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