Eddie Durham
San Marcos, Hays County, Texas
Marker Inscription
The Texas influence on jazz history, especially through the careers of individual artists, is well documented. The efforts and influences of African American jazz musician Eddie Durham can be seen in many aspects of jazz music and musicians today. Eddie Durham was born in San Marcos on August 19, 1906 to Joseph Durham, Sr., a well-known fiddle player, and Luella Rabb (Mohawk) Durham. From an early age, Eddie’s talents were apparent as he performed with his family in the Durham Brothers Band. At the age of eighteen, Eddie began traveling and playing in regional bands. His experiences with the “101 Ranch Brass Band”, Edgar Battle’s “Dixie Ramblers” and Gene Coy’s “Happy Black Aces” all led to his being picked up by “The Blue Devils” out of Oklahoma. In 1929, Eddie recorded with recognized Kansas City band leader and pianist Bennie Moten, playing trombone and guitar. Around this time, he recorded a guitar solo on new Vine Street Blues that alternated single-string style, a new method popularized by Durham. Eddie became central to the Kansas City style of swing that was developing in the 1930s. Working with Moten, Durham helped create the iconic big band style that is known today. He later joined Jimmie Lunceford’s band, “Lunceford Express,” and recorded the first amplified guitar in 1935 while playing hittin’ the bottle. The impact of this innovation can be seen through many jazz musicians that followed Durham. Eddie’s talent extended beyond playing as he was a successful music arranger for Lunceford, Kansas City Five and Count Basie. One of his best-known arrangements is In the Mood for Glen Miller’s Big Band. Eddie Durham’s musical talents created a lasting impact on jazz through his music and influence on many great jazz musicians.
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
Jazz pioneer Eddie Durham was born in San Marcos in 1906 into a musical family and played trombone and guitar in bands across the Southwest before joining Kansas City's swing scene. Working with Bennie Moten and later Jimmie Lunceford and Count Basie, he helped shape the big-band sound and pioneered the single-string guitar style — recording what is often called the first amplified guitar in 1935. A gifted arranger, he had a hand in standards including 'In the Mood.'
Why it matters
Durham helped invent both the electric-guitar sound and the Kansas City swing style, making a San Marcos native one of the quiet architects of modern American music.
Own a business near here? Add it to the map.
Related people
- · Eddie Durham
Themes & tags
Nearby & related markers
Wesley Chapel A. M. E. Church
San Marcos, TX
Wesley Chapel A.M.E. Church traces its roots to 1875 and is believed to be the oldest African American congregation in San Marcos, with its first sanctuary built on this site in 1879. In the years just after emancipation it ran a Freedmen's school, teaching formerly enslaved people and their children to read and write. Through a succession of buildings, it has remained a center of worship and community aid for generation after generation.
San Marcos Black School Site
San Marcos, TX
Instruction for Black children in San Marcos, Texas, may have begun as early as 1847, but the community's first public school for them was founded in 1877 with fifty pupils, and in 1918 it moved to this 7.3-acre site. Rising out of Reconstruction and growing through the era of segregation, the school became a foundation for a community determined to educate its children, and many of its graduates went on to higher education. It stands as a testament to Black Texans building opportunity within and against the constraints of a segregated system.
First Baptist Church NBC of San Marcos
San Marcos, TX
In 1866 the Rev. Moses Johns gathered freedmen to organize the Colored Baptist Church Zion, the first African American congregation in San Marcos. In 1872, the year it helped charter the Guadalupe Baptist Association, the Ku Klux Klan burned its first sanctuary; the congregation rebuilt on Comal Street in 1908 and kept worshiping through name changes and a later move. It endures today as First Baptist Church NBC of San Marcos.
Stringtown
San Marcos, TX
John Drayton Pitts, a civil engineer and Georgia legislator, visited Texas in 1842 and later bought 640 acres near San Marcos from General Edward Burleson, land the general had gained after the Battle of San Jacinto. The colony Pitts founded in 1847 drew family and friends who built farmhouses strung at half-mile intervals along the Austin–San Antonio Road, earning the settlement the name Stringtown. Its "model farms" survived early drought, and after emancipation crops were shared with former slaves given land, while Mexican farmers arrived to work the fields and enrich the area's culture.