Concho County Courthouse
Paint Rock, Concho County, Texas
Marker Inscription
First permanent courthouse for Concho County. Built in 1886, replacing crude early structure. Architects were the brothers F.E. and Oscar Ruffini, who also planned and constructed first main building at the University of Texas. As F.E. Ruffini lived only long enough to draw plans for this courthouse, his brother completed it. Architecture is "French Second Empire". Use of rusticated stone -- which came from a quarry only a few miles away -- is unusual in this style. Recorded Texas Historic Landmark - 1962
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
Concho County's first permanent courthouse rose in Paint Rock in 1886, replacing a crude early structure, and was designed by the noted Ruffini brothers, F.E. and Oscar — the same architects behind the University of Texas's first main building. F.E. lived only long enough to draw the plans, leaving Oscar to complete it. Built in the French Second Empire style from rusticated stone quarried just miles away, its rough-faced masonry is unusual for that elegant style.
Why it matters
Grand county courthouses like this proclaimed permanence and civic ambition in frontier towns, and this one links a remote West Texas seat to the architects of the state's flagship university.
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Related people
- · F.E. Ruffini
- · Oscar Ruffini
Themes & tags
Nearby & related markers
Concho County
Paint Rock, TX
Concho County was created on the map in 1858 but not formally organized until 1879, a two-decade gap that reflects how thinly settled this stretch of West Texas long remained. Its name comes from the river the Spanish called the Concho — 'shell' — for the freshwater mussels they found in its waters. The name is a small survival of the era of Spanish exploration in the region.
John S. Chisum, Confederate Beef Contractor
Paint Rock vicinity, TX
Cattle baron John S. Chisum (1824–1884) grazed tens of thousands of Longhorns on the Concho after moving his "Jingle-Bob" herds here in 1863. During the Civil War he supplied beef to Confederate armies west of the Mississippi, driving cattle toward Louisiana camps through gauntlets of raiders, rustlers, federal patrols, and the deep, cold Brazos. After the war he built ranching empires in New Mexico and became a bystander to the Lincoln County War of Billy the Kid.
Community of Concho
Paint Rock vicinity, TX
As settlers filled the land along the Concho River in the late 1800s, a small farming community grew up here, gaining a post office in the home of W.D. Cape in 1905 and a general store opened by J.W. Barr in 1906. It served the surrounding countryside as a business center with a school, two churches, a cotton gin, a blacksmith shop, and a cemetery. Population declined by the 1940s, and the post office closed in 1954.
Silver Cliff Ranch
Eola, TX
John A. Loomis of Syracuse, New York, and his brother-in-law Welton B. Ostrander founded this 46,000-acre ranch in 1882, part of the great wave of Eastern and foreign capital that opened West Texas to large-scale ranching. Using rock quarried on the property, German stonemasons raised a distinctive Pennsylvania Dutch-style barn and house in 1883. The enterprise reflects the ambition and outside investment that transformed the Concho country into cattle range.