Charles Goodnight
Oran, Palo Pinto County, Texas
Marker Inscription
Here at Black Springs in the Keechi Valley in 1857, the celebrated pioneer open range cowman and trail driver Charles Goodnight (1836-1929) located his first ranch on the extreme Indian frontier of Texas. From here he took part in the 1860 Pease River fight when Cynthia Ann Parker was recaptured from Comanches, he served as scout and guide for the Texas Rangers during the Civil War and in 1866 he laid out the Goodnight-Loving cattle trail, over which thousands of longhorns were driven to market in New Mexico. In 1867 at Fort Sumner, New Mexico, his partner Oliver Loving died from wounds suffered in an Indian attack. Without the aid of an undertaker, Goodnight carried the body by wagon through hostile Indian territory for burial at Weatherford (24 miles southeast). Goodnight extended his cattle trails to Wyoming and to Colorado, where he started a ranch near Pueblo. In 1876 he established the first cattle ranch in the vast Texas panhandle, which became the internationally known JA Ranch. Involved in the preservation of the the area's native buffalo, he also bred the first herd of cattalo by crossing buffalo with range cattle. Goodnight's pioneer efforts led to the development of the frontier and the Texas cattle industry. (1982)
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
In 1857 a twenty-one-year-old Charles Goodnight set up his first ranch at Black Springs on the very edge of the Comanche frontier, where cattle and danger ran together. He scouted for the Texas Rangers during the Civil War, blazed the Goodnight-Loving Trail in 1866, and famously hauled his dying partner Oliver Loving's body home for burial. Later he founded the panhandle's first ranch, the JA, and even bred buffalo with cattle—the "cattalo."
Why it matters
Goodnight is a founding figure of the American cattle kingdom, and his trails and ranches turned the open Texas range into an industry that shaped the whole trans-Mississippi West.
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Related people
- · Charles Goodnight
- · Oliver Loving
- · Cynthia Ann Parker
Related events
- · Goodnight-Loving Trail
- · Battle of Pease River (1860)
Themes & tags
Nearby & related markers
Alfred Lane
Graford, TX
Tennessee-born Alfred Lane came to Texas with his family in 1836 and settled in Robertson's colony before moving to the Black Springs area of Palo Pinto County in 1856, where he raised horses on the open range after marrying Elizabeth Goodnight. Brother-in-law to the famed cattleman Charles Goodnight, who called him "a splendid brave man," Lane scouted for the Texas Rangers during the Civil War and helped drive Goodnight's cattle west of Fort Belknap. He was killed by Indians while returning home and lies buried in nearby Crawford Cemetery.
George Rice Bevers Homesite
Graford, TX
George Rice Bevers settled this spot on the Fort Worth–Fort Belknap Road in 1854, near Flat Rock Crossing of Keechi Creek, where he fed and housed travelers such as famed Indian agent Robert S. Neighbors. Palo Pinto County's first school opened nearby in 1856, and the family lived among noted pioneer neighbors like the Curetons, Goodnights and Slaughters. The nearby Bevers Cemetery holds a victim of the Indian raids of the 1860s that drove frightened settlers to seek refuge as far away as the Fort Worth courthouse.
Reuben Vaughan
Graford, TX
Alabama-born Reuben Vaughan migrated to Texas in 1852 and in 1854 brought his family to this area as the first permanent settlers in present Palo Pinto County, raising a cabin of cedar and stone. A farmer and stock raiser who kept friendly relations with the region's Indian tribes, he served in a frontier battalion protecting settlements during the Civil War and lies buried in this family cemetery.
Sam Savage, Captive of the Comanches
Mineral Wells, TX
In March 1866, five-year-old Sam Savage survived a Comanche raid on his father's Parker County farm that killed his father Bolin and his uncle James; Sam, his brother, and a cousin were carried off into captivity. After a posse failed to overtake the raiders, trader John Fields located the children that November and ransomed them for $414 at Fort Arbuckle. Sam went on to become a rancher, farmer, and champion fiddler, living to 90 and often recounting the months he spent learning the Comanche language and the bow before his return.