Cattle Trail Crossing
Decatur, Wise County, Texas
Marker Inscription
Near this site ran one of the many "feeder" branches of the famous Chisholm Trail, best-known of all the cattle trails that once linked the vast grasslands of Texas with the meat-hungry markets of the north. The original trail, which stretched from the North Canadian to the Arkansas River, was blazed in 1865 by Jesse Chisholm, a half-Scottish and half-Cherokee trader. The 220-mile route, soon taken up by drovers, was extended north and south. Branches all the way from the Rio Grande gradually snaked up to join the main trail at the Red River. Although unpredictable Texas weather and hostile Indians sometimes prevented the drovers from keeping to the main route, certain points were fixed. One of these was the Trinity River ford at Fort Worth, just south of here, where cattle might have to wait for weeks to cross if the river had recently flooded. In 1895, the fenced range, railroad, and quarantines against the fever tick had reduced to a trickle the flood of cattle leaving Texas on the hoof; but by this time, the trail had helped restore the economy of Texas (wrecked by the Civil War) and it had left a legacy in folksong and legend of cowboy days on the untamed Texas frontier.
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
Near this Wise County site ran a feeder branch of the Chisholm Trail, the most famous of the routes that funneled Texas cattle toward the hungry markets of the North. The main trail was blazed in 1865 by Jesse Chisholm, a trader of Scottish and Cherokee descent, and drovers soon extended its branches from the Rio Grande up to the Red River, passing fixed fords like the Trinity crossing at Fort Worth. By the 1890s barbed wire, railroads, and tick quarantines had ended the great drives, but not before the trail helped rebuild a Texas economy wrecked by the Civil War.
Why it matters
The Chisholm Trail turned the Texas longhorn drive into an enduring national legend and revived a defeated South's economy on the hoof.
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Related people
- · Jesse Chisholm
Related events
- · Chisholm Trail cattle drives
Themes & tags
Nearby & related markers
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Settlers drawn by rich farmland began arriving in western Denton County in the 1850s, among them Silas Christal, who built an ox-driven gristmill and, in 1880, a school. When the Gulf, Colorado, and Santa Fe Railway pushed a line toward Indian Territory in 1886, a town sprang up and was renamed Ponder for a prominent local landowner. Churches, stores, a cotton gin, and a bank clustered around the depot, and community traditions like the Ponder rodeo, begun in 1939, have carried the small town's spirit forward.
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For nearly two decades after the Civil War, the Chisholm Trail carried millions of longhorns north from Texas to the Kansas railheads, and its path ran the full length of Denton County from Elizabethtown to just north of Bolivar. Returning veterans found scarce jobs and neglected ranch lands, but the booming cattle drives of 1867 to 1884 pumped money into the state and county. Tens of thousands of cowboys worked the trail, seeding heritage ranches that have stayed in the same families for over a century.
City of Krum
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Krum grew from an 1876 pioneer settlement known as the Jackson community into a proper town in 1886, when the Gulf, Colorado, and Santa Fe Railway bought land and named the station for railroad official Charles K. Krum. Stores, churches, and a post office quickly followed, but it was the region's rich soil that made Krum famous, drawing renown as one of the largest inland grain markets of the early 1900s. Local wheat even won the grand prize for 'Rainbow Flour' at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair.
Bolivar, Townsite of
Denton, TX
Founded in 1852 and named — after a rum-fueled election settled the dispute — for a settler's Tennessee hometown (itself honoring Simón Bolívar), Bolivar grew into the westernmost fort and busiest crossroads of early Denton County. Two stagecoach lines swapped horses here, and the town where the Texas cattle trail met the Chisholm Trail bustled with hotels, mills, a gin, and a saloon. It also drew a rougher crowd: cattle baron John Chisum ran herds nearby, and outlaw Sam Bass and his gang found shelter in the surrounding country.