Camp San Fernando
Kingsville, Kleberg County, Texas
Marker Inscription
Military post on San Fernando Creek, near this site. Guarded the lifeline of the Confederacy, the cotton road, export-import route that ran from the Sabine River in East Texas to the Rio Grande. Manned 1862 by 32nd Texas Calvary flying Bonnie Blue flag; in 1863, a banner lettered: "We fight for our rights". Temporarily occupied, November 1863, by Gen. H. P. Bee. In February 1864 a strong complement arrived under Col. J. S. (RIP) Ford. Col. Matt Nolan reported to Ford a victory over Federals under Capt. C. Balerio 50 miles southwest on Banquete. Winning troops were under Capt. Thomas Cater, Wm. Tate, Taylor, and A. J. Ware, plus home guard under Capt. Santiago Richardson. (Capt. Richard King, of King Ranch, also served in the home guard.) Col. Ford's "Cavalry of the West" included Maj. Felix A. Von Blucher, chief of staff; capts. H. C. Merritt and J. Littleton, commissaries; Col. Albert Walthersdorff, technician; Capt. W. G. M. Samuels, ordnance. On March 30, 1864, the Arizona companies of Lt. Col. Daniel Showalter reached Camp San Fernando. In April Col. Ford and Col. Santos Benavides attacked the Federals in the Rio Grande Valley. Cols. Nolan and B. F. Fry continued to watch over the cotton road and "keep an eye" on Corpus Christi.
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
On San Fernando Creek stood a Confederate post guarding the "cotton road," the vital smuggling and trade route that ran from East Texas to the Rio Grande, keeping the blockaded South supplied. Manned from 1862 and reinforced in 1864 under the famed Colonel John S. "RIP" Ford, the camp anchored a network of cavalry commands — including Tejano units under Santos Benavides and home guards that counted King Ranch founder Richard King — who skirmished with Federal forces across South Texas. From here Ford's "Cavalry of the West" watched the cotton road and pressed the fight toward the Rio Grande Valley.
Why it matters
Camp San Fernando guarded the Confederacy's last open trade artery and showcases the multiethnic Texas cavalry — Anglo and Tejano alike — who waged the Civil War in the far Southwest.
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Related people
- · John S. "RIP" Ford
- · Santos Benavides
- · Richard King
Related events
- · Civil War
Themes & tags
Nearby & related markers
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Founded in 1853 by Capt. Richard King, the King Ranch became a vital way-station on the wartime "cotton road" — the Confederacy's lifeline to the outside world. As the Union blockade choked Southern ports, wagons hauled cotton across South Texas to King's operation, then on to Matamoros, Mexico, where it was traded for guns, medicine, and coffee. The ranch fed and sheltered teamsters and Confederate troops alike, and drew both bandits and Federal raiders determined to cut the trade.
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