Booker T. Washington School
Gainesville, Cooke County, Texas
Marker Inscription
In 1880, two years before the City of Gainesville created a public school system for all its children, Island Sparks, a young mulatto, taught the Black children of the city. In 1886, the city built a frame school building on this site for the community's Black youth. Originally known as the Gainesville Colored School, the school adopted the name Booker T. Washington sometime before 1927. The original two-story facility was replaced in 1939 with a red brick, WPA project structure. Desegregation in 1965-66 resulted in the closing of Booker T. Washington as a Black institution. Texas Sesquicentennial 1836-1986
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
Two years before Gainesville created a public school system, a young man named Island Sparks began teaching the city's Black children in 1880, and in 1886 the city built a frame schoolhouse for them on this site. Known first as the Gainesville Colored School, it took the name Booker T. Washington by the 1920s, and its original building was replaced by a WPA-built brick structure in 1939. Desegregation in 1965–66 brought its era as a Black school to a close.
Why it matters
The school embodies the long history of African American education under segregation — built by and for a Black community determined to learn, and closed only when integration arrived.
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Related people
- · Island Sparks
Themes & tags
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