HistoricSiteMarkers
Colonial America

Black Horse Tavern

York, York County, Pennsylvania

Marker Inscription

Old tavern stood on this site, which was the lot granted to Baltzer Spengler by the sons of William Penn for services in the laying out of York in 1741.

Erected by Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission

The Story

When York was surveyed and laid out in 1741 under the proprietorship of William Penn's sons, Baltzer Spengler was rewarded for his work on the town plan with this very lot. In time an old tavern rose on the spot, one of the gathering places that gave the young town its social and civic life. Taverns like this were the crossroads of colonial Pennsylvania, where travelers rested and townsfolk traded news.

Why it matters

The site anchors the founding of York itself, one of the first planned towns west of the Susquehanna and a window into how Penn's colony expanded into the frontier.

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Related people

  • · Baltzer Spengler

Themes & tags

Nearby & related markers

The Haines Shoe House

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In the boom years after World War II, when the American roadside was becoming a theater of eye-catching commerce, shoe salesman Mahlon Haines built a five-story guesthouse in the literal shape of a work boot to advertise his chain of stores. It stands as a playful example of "programmatic" or novelty architecture—buildings molded into objects to catch a driver's eye—and its perch along the old Lincoln Highway made it a beloved landmark of that coast-to-coast route. Haines, ever the showman, let honeymooners and elderly guests stay for free.

Birthplace of Commercial Ice Cream Production

Seven Valleys, PA · est. 2012

In 1851 C. Jacob Fussell built a factory near here to turn the surplus milk and cream of York County's dairy farmers into ice cream—the first time the treat was mass-produced for commercial sale in the United States. The nearby Northern Central Railroad carried his product straight to the Baltimore market. After Fussell relocated to Baltimore, local makers kept the trade alive into the 1940s.

Hanover Junction

North Codorus Township, PA · est. 1953

In November 1863, this rural railroad junction in York County was where Abraham Lincoln's train changed lines on his way to dedicate the national cemetery at Gettysburg. Months earlier the same junction had funneled wounded men from the battlefield onward to distant hospitals, and it served as a key relay on the military telegraph network that carried war news north and east. What looks like an ordinary spot where two rail lines met was, for a season, a nerve center of the war in Pennsylvania.

America's First Iron Steamboat

Hellam Township, PA · est. 1947

In the 1820s, iron was an exotic material for shipbuilding, when nearly every hull afloat was made of wood. Yet in York, machinist John Elgar built the "Codorus," an iron-hulled steamboat, and launched it onto the Susquehanna on November 22, 1825. Named for a nearby creek, the little vessel is remembered as the first iron steamboat built in the United States.