Austin Building
Nacogdoches, Nacogdoches County, Texas
Marker Inscription
Efforts by Texas Legislators in 1917 to improve the quality of public education in Texas resulted in provisions to establish colleges in East Texas and South Texas. Nacogdoches was chosen over 27 other towns to become home to the new East Texas College. Historian A. W. Birdwell was chosen president of the institution. This building, designed by architect W. E. Ketchum and named after Stephen F. Austin, Texas' preeminent Anglo American colonizer, was built in 1922-23 and is the university's oldest academic building still in use. The Austin Building's classical revival style was a typical early 20th century design for college and governmental buildings throughout Texas. Elements of the style are evident in the building's pedimented entry bay with columns, double-door entry at the top of a ceremonial flight of stairs, cast stone detailing, and rhythm of bays defined by pilasters. The Austin building was originally the administrative headquarters and classroom facility for a provincial liberal arts teachers college comprised almost entirely of Anglo East Texas students numbering in the hundreds. Today it serves as the nerve center of a multi-disciplinary university with thousands of students of various cultural and national origins. Stephen F. Austin Bicentennial 1793 - 1993
Erected by Texas Historical Commission
The Story
When Texas legislators moved in 1917 to expand public education, Nacogdoches beat out 27 rival towns to become home to the new East Texas teachers college, led by historian-president A. W. Birdwell. Completed in 1922–23 and named for empresario Stephen F. Austin, the classical-revival Austin Building served as the school's administrative and classroom heart and remains its oldest academic building still in use. Once serving a few hundred Anglo East Texans, it now anchors a university of thousands from many backgrounds.
Why it matters
The Austin Building embodies the early-twentieth-century push to professionalize teaching through regional colleges, institutions that grew into the full universities serving today's diverse Texas.
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Related people
- · A. W. Birdwell
- · W. E. Ketchum
- · Stephen F. Austin
Themes & tags
Nearby & related markers
Karle Wilson Baker
Nacogdoches, TX
From the early 1900s, the East Texas town of Nacogdoches was home to Karle Wilson Baker, one of the state's most celebrated writers. Arkansas-born and college-trained, she first published a poem in Harper's in 1903 and went on to become the most frequently published poet in the Yale Review, with collections issued by Yale University Press. Dubbed "The Poet of Quiet Things," she wrote poems, essays and historical novels set in East Texas, saw her 1931 collection nominated for a Pulitzer, and taught for a decade at Stephen F. Austin State Teachers College, for which she wrote an early school song.
Alton W. Birdwell
Nacogdoches, TX
Born in the Piney Woods in 1870, Alton W. Birdwell rose from home schooling and brick-molding labor to become one of East Texas's foremost educators, studying at several universities and teaching across the region. Appointed founding president of Stephen F. Austin State Normal School in 1917, he opened the college in borrowed facilities when construction lagged, personally chose its faculty, and guided it through the lean years of the Great Depression. He remained tied to the institution as president emeritus until his death in 1954.
Paul Lewis Boynton
Nacogdoches, TX
Paul Lewis Boynton, a Texas-born psychologist trained at Peabody College, became president of Stephen F. Austin State Teachers College in 1942 just as World War II drained its male students away. To keep the school alive he persuaded the federal government to open a Women's Army Corps training school on campus in 1943 and secured surplus buildings and land that launched a forestry department in 1945, then guided a surge of postwar enrollment until his sudden death in 1958.
Pioneering Higher Education in East Texas
Nacogdoches, TX
In the early 20th century, East Texas had no institution to train its teachers, and makeshift "normal institutes" struggled to lift the education of rural instructors—nearly a quarter of whom had not finished high school. As new state laws mandated compulsory schooling and teacher certification, demand for trained educators soared. After years of legislative and political delay, Stephen F. Austin State Teachers College opened in 1923 with 24 hand-picked faculty, drawing students overwhelmingly from the surrounding counties.